Cardiovascular System: Functions of Heart Flashcards
Functions of the Heart
How is the circulatory system involved in thermoregulation?
thermoreceptors, hypothalamus, and arterioles.
What are the three layers of the heart?
Epicardium, Myocardium, Endocardium
Epicardium
Outer layer of heart, protects, secretes lubricating serous fluid.
Myocardium
Middle layer of heart, muscular, contracts to pump blood.
Endocardium
The innermost layer of heart, lines the chambers and valves.
What are the different valves of the heart?
The tricuspid valve (right AV valve), Pulmonary semilunar valve, Bicuspid valve (left AV valve, or mitral valve), aortic semilunar valve
What is blood pressure?
Blood pressure measures arterial force by the blood on walls of the vessels; systolic over diastolic pressures.
Systolic/Systole
The maximum pressure when the ventricles contract, forcing blood into the aorta and pulmonary trunk; the top number.
Diastole/Diastolic
The period in which the ventricles relax and blood pressure is at
its lowest point; the bottom number.
Systemic Circulation
Longer circuit; blood pressure is higher; blood in arteries carries more oxygen than blood in the veins. When oxygen levels low, VASODILATION to promote blood flow to tissues that need it.
Pulmonary Circulation
Shorter circuit; low blood oxygen triggers VASOCONSTRICTION, which redirects blood to better ventilated parts of the lung.
Vasoconstriction
The narrowing of blood vessels, reducing blood flow.
What are the components of the ECG?
The P wave –> the QRS interval ———-> the ST segment —-> T wave ————-> U wave
P Wave
ECG - Represents atrial depolarization
QRS Interval
ECG - Represents ventricular depolarization
