CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM - B2 Flashcards
CARDIAC CYCLE
The circulation of blood through the heart in every heart beat
CARDIAC CYCLE
To the heart through VENA CAVA to RIGHT ATRIUM though the TRICUSPID VALVE and into the RIGHT VENTRICLE out the HEART through the PULMONARY VALVE into the PULMONARY ARTERY to the LUNGS where the GASEOUS EXCHANGE occurs the back into the HEART through the PULMONARY VEIN into the LEFT ATRIUM through the MITRAL VALVE into the LEFT VENTRICLE and out of the heart through the AORTA VALVE
HEART BEAT
The left and right atrium contract by an ELECTRIC PULSE in the SINPTRISL NODE (SA node or SAN)
The ATRIOVENTICULAR NODE sends a message down the SEPTUM to tell the ventricles to CONTRACT
What is the CARDIOVASCULAR CENTRE?
It is the part of the human brain that is responsible for the regulation of the rare at which heart bears through the nervous and endocrine systems.
Found in the MEDULLA
what is the purpose of the TRISCUSPID VALVE?
The TRICUSPID VALVE in responsible for the transport of DEOXYGENATED BLOOD from the right ATRIUM through the the right VENTRICLE
What is the role of the HEART in the bodies GASEOUS EXCHANGE?
The deoxygenated blood is put into the heart bus the VENA CAVA which then passes through the RIGHT ATRIUM and out into the RIGHT VENTRICLE via the TRICUSPID VALVE, after it goes through the PULMONARY VALVE into the PULMONARY ARTERY where it is then taken out of the heart and into the LUNGS where the GASEOUS EXCHANGE has occurred and the blood is now oxygen rich.
Compare an ARTERY to a VEIN
Arteries carried the blood away. The heart pumps blood out through one main artery called the DORSAL AORTA. This then divides and branches out into many smaller ARTERIES so that each region of your body has its own system of arteries supplying it with fresh oxygen rich blood HOWEVER veins carried blood into the heart. VEINS are returning DEOXGYENATED blood back to the HESRT where it will be received through the right side and pumped up to the LUNGS to GASEOUS EXCHANGE
Describe why CAPILLARIES and ARTERIOLES are efficient
The arteries deliver the oxygen rich blood to the CAPILLERIES where the GASEOUS EXCHANGE occurs and NUTRIENT UPTAKE from the VILLI. The CAPILLARIES also then deliver the waste rich blood to the VEINS for transport back to the LUNGS and HEART.
ARTERIOLES are a small donated blood vessel in the microcirculation they extends and branches out from an ARTERY and leads to CAPILLARIES
List the six main functions of the blood?
Transport of gases Transport of nutrients Transport of waste Maintain temperature Fights infections Clots wounds
Name 4 types of BLOOD CELLS and explain their FUNCTION
PLATELETS- help the BLOOD CLOT for WOUNDS
WHITE BLOOD CELLS - destroy bacteria
RED BLOOD CELLS - transports OXYGEN
Why might ANAEMIA lead to DIZZINESS?
Anaemia is a lack of red blood cells. RED BLOOD CELLS are OXYGEN RICH meaning that if you have a lack of red blood cells then you also have a LACK of OXYGEN
What happens in the BLOOD when a person has a minor cut?
When someone has a minor cut there a BLOOD CELLS such as PLATELETS which help the blood clot. There are also WHITE BLOOD CRLLS which engulf and destroy many bacteria’s.
