Cardiovascular system

Question 1

Apex

Answer 1

tip of a pyramidal or rounded structure, such as the lung or the heart.

Question 2

Base

Answer 2

the lower part or bottom

Question 3

Pericardium

Answer 3

the membrane enclosing the heart, consisting of an outer fibrous layer and an inner double layer of serous membrane.

Question 4

Myocardium

Answer 4

the muscular tissue of the heart.

Question 5

Endocardium

Answer 5

the thin, smooth membrane that lines the inside of the chambers of the heart and forms the surface of the valves.

Question 6

Atria

Answer 6

each of the two upper cavities of the heart from which blood is passed to the ventricles

Question 7

Ventricles

Answer 7

a hollow part or cavity in an organ,

Question 8

Interventricular septum

Answer 8

the curved slanting wall that separates the right and left ventricles of the heart and is composed of a muscular lower part and a thinner more membranous upper part.

Question 9

Superior venae cavae

Answer 9

a large vein carrying deoxygenated blood into the heart.

Question 10

Inferior venae cavae

Answer 10

a large vein carrying deoxygenated blood into the heart

Question 11

Pulmonary arteries

Answer 11

the artery carrying blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs for oxygenation.

Question 12

Pulmonary veins

Answer 12

a vein carrying oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart.

Question 13

Aorta

Answer 13

the main artery of the body, supplying oxygenated blood to the circulatory system.

Question 14

Bicuspid valve

Answer 14

mitral valve

Question 15

Tricuspid valve

Answer 15

a valve that is situated at the opening of the right atrium of the heart into the right ventricle and that resembles the mitral valve in structure but consists of three triangular membranous flaps

Question 16

Chordae tendineae

Answer 16

known as the heart strings, are cord-like tendons that connect the papillary muscles to the tricuspid valve and the mitral valve in the heart.

Question 17

Pulmonary semilunar valve

Answer 17

is the semilunar valve of the heart that lies between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery and has three cusps.

Question 18

Aortic semilunar valve

Answer 18

valve in the human heart between the left ventricle and the aorta.

Question 19

Coronary arteries

Answer 19

branch off into smaller arteries, which supply oxygen-rich blood to the entire heart muscle.

Question 20

Cardiac veins

Answer 20

begins at the apex of the heart and ascends along the anterior longitudinal sulcus to the base of the ventricles.

Question 21

Pulmonary embolism

Answer 21

a blockage in one of the pulmonary arteries in your lungs.

Question 22

Stroke

Answer 22

The sudden death of brain cells due to lack of oxygen, caused by blockage of blood flow or rupture of an artery to the brain. Sudden loss of speech, weakness, or paralysis of one side of the body can be symptoms.

Question 23

Myocardial infarction

Answer 23

heart attack

Question 24

Systole

Answer 24

the phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle contracts and pumps blood from the chambers into the arteries.

Question 25

Diastole

Answer 25

the phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle relaxes and allows the chambers to fill with blood.

Question 26

Carotid artery

Answer 26

are major blood vessels in the neck that supply blood to the brain, neck, and face.

Question 27

Jugular vein

Answer 27

any of several large veins in the neck, carrying blood from the head and face.

Question 28

Subclavian artery

Answer 28

paired major arteries of the upper thorax, below the clavicle. They receive blood from the aortic arch.

Question 29

Brachial artery

Answer 29

the major blood vessel of the (upper) arm. It is the continuation of the axillary artery beyond the lower margin of teres major muscle.

Question 30

Thoracic aorta

Answer 30

a part of the aorta located in the thorax

Question 31

Renal vein

Answer 31

are veins that drain the kidney.

Question 32

Femoral artery

Answer 32

is a large artery in the thigh and the main arterial supply to the lower limb.

Question 33

Hepatic veins

Answer 33

are the veins that drain de-oxygenated blood from the liver into the inferior vena cava.

Question 34

Axillary vein

Answer 34

is a large blood vessel that conveys blood from the lateral aspect of the thorax, axilla (armpit) and upper limb toward the heart.