Cardiovascular System Flashcards
What are the three parts of the cardiovascular system
- heart
- blood
- blood vessels
What is the role of the Heart?
Pump blood around the body
What is the role of the blood?
- Carry oxygen and nutrients around the body
- take away waste products
What is the role of the blood vessels?
To transport the blood around the body
Equation for pulse pressure =
Systolic - diastolic
Equation for cardiac output =
Stroke volume X Heart rate
Two types of blood pressure:
- systolic
- diastolic
Define Systolic
Maximum pressure in the arteries
Define diastolic
Pressure during the relaxation phase, between heartbeats
Which blood pressure changes when exercising?
Systolic
Short term effects of exercise on the cardiovascular system:
- increased blood pressure
- increase heart rate
What does it mean by increased heart rate
When exercising heart rate increased to supply more oxygen to the working muscles
What does it mean by increased blood pressure
When exercising more blood is being pumped around the body meaning there is more pressure in the blood vessels
Long term effects of regular exercise on the cardiovascular system
- decreased resting heart rate
- heart recovery rate
- increased stroke volume
- increased cardiac output
- decrees blood pressure
How does your resting heart rate decrease
Cardiac Hypertrophy
The heart gets stronger and beats more blood per pump, meaning it can beat less.
Stroke volume =
The amount of of blood pumped by the heart per beat
Definition of cardiac output:
The amount of blood ejected by the heart each minute
How does your blood pressure decrease
- blood vessels are more flexible
- increased number of capillaries
What causes Coronary Heart Disease
- hereditary
- narrow arteries
- high blood pressure
- smoking
What is cholesterol
A fatty substance carried in blood by lipo proteins
What is high density cholesterol
‘Good cholesterol’
- contains more protein than fat
What types of food contain high density cholesterol
- fruit, vegetables, while grain
What is low density cholesterol
Builds up a plaque which restricts flow through arteries
This increased blood pressure
What is a recreational drugs
Not a performing enhancing drug
Give two example of recreational drugs
Smoking
Alcohol
What does smoking do
- Nicotine releases adrenaline
- Increased heart rate and - Increased blood pressure
