Cardiovascular System Flashcards
organs
heart, arteries, veins
arteries
blood vessels that take oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to the body
veins
blood vessels that take oxygen-poor blood back to the heart
arterioles
very small blood vessel that branches off from the artery and carries blood away from the heart to the tissues and organs
capillaries
tiny blood vessel throughout the body that connect arteries and veins
venules
the smallest veins that receives blood from capillaries
blood pressure (BP)
the pressure of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries
procedures
- blood tests
- auscultation
- electrocardiogram (ECG)
- echocardiography (ECHO)
- doppler ultrasonography
- coronary angiogram
- angioplasty
arrhythmia
abnormal rate or rhythm of the heart
stenosis of the heart valve
a type of heart valve disease where the valve between the lower left heart chamber and the aorta is narrowed and does not open fully
endocarditis
inflammation of the inside lining of the heart chambers and heart valves
myocarditis
inflammation of the heart muscle (myocardium)
pericarditis
the swelling and irritation of the thin, saclike tissue surrounding the heart (pericardium). Pericarditis often causes sharp chest pain
cardiomyopathy
a disease of the heart muscles that makes it harder for the heart to pump blood to the rest of the body. Can lead to heart failure
arteriosclerosis
when the arteries become thick and stiff
angina pectoris
chest pain or discomfort that keeps coming back beacause some part of your heart doesn’t get enough blood and oxygen
myocardial infraction (MI), heart attack
deadly medical emergency where heart muscles begin to die due to a blockage in the coronary artery
hypertension
high blood pressure, the force of blood against the walls of arteries is too high
congestive heart failure (ACE)
when the heart does not pump blood as efficiently as it should
deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
formation of one or more blood clots in one of the body’s large veins, common in the lower limbs
varicose veins
swollen, twisted blood vessels that bulge just under the skin’s surface
aneurysm
abnormal swelling or bulge in the wall of a blood vessel, such as an artery
stroke
when blood supply to part of the brain is blocked or when a blood vessel in the brain bursts which leads to parts of the brain becoming damaged or dying
types of strokes
ischemic – when cells don’t get enough blood to supply them with oxygen.
hemorrhagic – strokes cause bleeding in or around your brain.
