Cardiovascular system Flashcards
What is the function of the heart?
Pump blood
What makes up the cardiovascular system?
- Heart
- Blood vessels
- Blood
What is the function of blood vessels?
Carry blood to/from tissue cells throughout the body
Where is the heart located?
Within the mediastinum, left of the midline
What covers the heart?
Pericardium
-Fibrous pericardium (outer layer)
-Serous pericardium (inner double-layered part)
•visceral pericardium ("epicardium")
•parietal pericardium
-Pericardial cavity
-"Pericarditis"
-"Pericardial Effusion"What is the pericardium?
Sac enclosing (protecting) the heart.
What are the layers of the heart wall?
1) Epicardium
2) myocardium
3) endocardium
How many layers does the heart wall have?
3
What is the Epicardium and what is its function?
- outermost layer of the heart wall
- visceral layer of serous pericardium
- protection
What is the myocardium and what is its function?
- middle layer of the heart wall
- largest layer of the heart wall
- cardiac muscle
- pumping action
What is the largest layer of the Heart Wall?
Myocardium
How many chambers does the heart have?
4
Name the 4 chambers of the heart.
Left and right atria
left and right ventricles
What are Sulci?
Grooves
What is the function of the Right Atrium?
- Receives deoxygenated blood from 3 veins.
- Superior vena cava.
- Inferior vena cava.
- Coronary sinus.
- Blood passes from RA to Right Ventricle
What is the function of the Right Ventricle?
Pumps blood to the Pulmonary Circuit via the Pulmonary Trunku.
-Pulmonary trunk to the Right and Left pulmonary arteries
What is the function of the left atrium?
-Receives oxygenated blood from 4 veins.
-Right and left pulmonary veins.
-Blood passes from LA to left ventricle.
(It is well oxygenated because it just came back from the lungs)
What is the function of the left ventricle?
-Pumps blood to the “systematic circuit”
via the Aorta (the largest artery in the body)
(Blood going everywhere except the lungs)
What are the functions of the heart valves?
- Prevent backflow of blood.
- Open/close in response to pressure changes.
