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Medical Terminology > Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Cardiovascular System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

receiving heart chambers

A

atria

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2
Q

sending heart chambers

A

ventricles

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3
Q

thick wall of muscle that divides the left and right side of muscle

A

septum

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4
Q

connects left atrium and ventricle

A

mitral valve

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5
Q

connects left atrium to aorta

A

aortic valve

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6
Q

valvul/o

A

valve

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7
Q

connects right atrium and ventricle

A

tricuspid valve

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8
Q

connects right atrium to pulmonary artery

A

pulmonic valve

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9
Q

atri/o

A

atrium (upper chamber)

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10
Q

sept/o

A

septum

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11
Q

ventricul/o

A

ventricle (lower chamber)

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12
Q

cardi/o, coron/o

A

heart

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13
Q

angi/o, vas/o, vascul/o

A

vessel

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14
Q

aort/o

A

aorta

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15
Q

arteri/o

A

artery

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16
Q

ather/o

A

fatty plaque

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17
Q

phleb/o, ven/o

A

vein

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18
Q

oppressive pain in the chest caused by irregular blood flow to the heart

A

angina pectoris

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19
Q

irregular heartbeat

A

arrhythmia (sometimes dysrhythmia)

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20
Q

rapid or irregular beating of the heart

A

palpitation

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21
Q

chest pain

A

pectoralgia

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22
Q

pain in the aorta

A

aortalgia

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23
Q

profuse sweating

A

diaphoresis

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24
Q

loss of blood

A

hemorrhage

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25
Q

pain in a vein

A

phlebalgia

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26
Q

tissue lining the inside of the heart

A

endocardium

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27
Q

tissue lining the outside of the heart

A

epicardium

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28
Q

heart muscle tissue

A

myocardium

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29
Q

tissue around the heart

A

pericardium

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30
Q

large diameter vein that gathers blood from the body and returns it to the heart

A

vena cava

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31
Q

slow heartbeat

A

bradycardia

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32
Q

enlarged heart

A

cardiomegaly

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33
Q

abnormal heart sound

A

murmur

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34
Q

rapid heartbeat

A

tachycardia

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35
Q

narrowing of the aorta

A

aortic stenosis

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36
Q

rupture of an artery

A

arteriorrhexis

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37
Q

hardening of an artery

A

arteriosclerosis

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38
Q

hardening of an artery due to buildup of fatty plaque

A

atherosclerosis

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39
Q

mass of matter present in blood

A

embolus

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40
Q

blockage in a blood vessel caused by an embolus

A

embolism

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41
Q

blockage of blood flow due to an organ

A

ischemia

42
Q

closing or blockage of a package

A

occlusion

43
Q

blood clot

A

thrombus

44
Q

enlarged, dilated veins toward surface of the skin

A

varicose veins

45
Q

process of inserting a tube into the heart

A

cardiac catheterization

46
Q

image of the heart produced using sound waves

A

echocardiogram

47
Q

using sound waves to produce an image of the heart

A

echocardiography

48
Q

record of the electrical currents of the heart

A

electrocardiogram

49
Q

record of the heart using sound waves performed by inserting the transducer into the esophagus

A

transesophageal echocardiogram

50
Q

record of blood vessels

A

angiogram

51
Q

procedure to describe blood vessels

A

angiography

52
Q

record of an artery

A

arteriogram

53
Q

record of a vein

A

venogram

54
Q

force exerted by blood on walls of blood vessels

A

blood pressure

55
Q

heart specialist

A

cardiologist

56
Q

pertaining to the heart and blood vessels

A

cardiovascular

57
Q

flaw in the septum that divides the two atria of the heart

A

atrial septum defect (ASD)

58
Q

cessation of functional circulation

A

cardiac arrest

59
Q

disease of the heart muscle

A

cardiomyopathy

60
Q

flaw in the structure of the heart present at birth

A

congenital heart defect

61
Q

heart failure characterized by the heart cavity being unable to pump all the blood out of itself

A

congestive heart failure

62
Q

inflammation of tissue lining the heart

A

endocarditits

63
Q

death of heart muscle tissue

A

myocardial infarction (heart attack)

64
Q

blockage of blood to the heart muscle

A

myocardial ischemia

65
Q

inflammation of the heart muscle

A

myocarditis

66
Q

inflammation of tissue around the heart

A

pericarditis

67
Q

flaw in the septum that divide the two ventricles of the heart

A

ventricular septal defect (VSD)

68
Q

bulge in a blood vessel

A

aneurysm

69
Q

blood vessel tumor

A

angioma

70
Q

disease of the arteries

A

arteriopathy

71
Q

inflammation of the arteries

A

arteritis

72
Q

formation of a blood clot in a vein deep in the body, most commonly the leg

A

deep vein thrombosis

73
Q

high blood pressure

A

hypertension

74
Q

low blood pressure

A

hypotension

75
Q

inflammation of the veins

A

phlebitis

76
Q

inflammation of a vein caused by a clot

A

thrombophlebitis

77
Q

drug that prevents/relieves symptoms of angina pectoris

A

antianginal

78
Q

drug that opposes an irregular heartbeat

A

antiarrhythmic

79
Q

drug that opposes the coagulation of blood

A

anticoagulant

80
Q

drug that opposes high blood pressure

A

antihypertensive

81
Q

drug that breaks down clots

A

thrombolytic

82
Q

drug that constricts or narrows the diameter of a blood vessel

A

vasoconstrictor, vasopressor

83
Q

drug that causes the relaxation or expansion of a blood vessel

A

vasodilator

84
Q

procedure that temporarily circulates and oxygenates a patient’s blood during the portion of heart surgery in which the heart is stopped

A

cardiopulmonary bypass

85
Q

basic life support

A

cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

86
Q

returning a heart to normal rhythm

A

cardioversion

87
Q

borrowed piece of blood vessel used to bypass a blocked artery in the heart

A

coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)

88
Q

surgery to bypass a blocked artery in the heart

A

coronary artery bypass surgery

89
Q

alternate treatment for a coronary artery that passes instruments up a patient’s blood vessels into the heart

A

percutaneous coronary intervention

90
Q

incision into a heart valve

A

valvotomy

91
Q

surgical reconstruction of a heart valve

A

valvuloplasty

92
Q

surgical reconstruction of a vessel

A

angioplasty

93
Q

suture of a vessel

A

angiorrhaphy

94
Q

suture of the aorta

A

aortorrhaphy

95
Q

suture of an artery

A

arteriorrhaphy

96
Q

surgical removal of fatty plaque within an artery

A

atherectomy

97
Q

surgical removal of the inside of an artery

A

endarterectomy

98
Q

surgical removal of a vein

A

phlebectomy

99
Q

oxygen-poor

A

right side of the heart

100
Q

oxygen-rich

A

left side of the heart

101
Q

condition in which blood may appear more blue due to very poor circulation or low oxygen

A

cyanosis

102
Q

when fluid collects around the heart

A

pericardial effusion

Medical Terminology (10 decks)

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