Cardiovascular system

Question 1

Side effects of niacin

Answer 1

Intense cutaneous flushing, GI distress, hyperuricemia

Question 2

Drugs that blocks angiotensin converting enzyme

Answer 2

ACE inhibitors end in ‘pril”

Can cause coughing, switching to ARBs

Question 3

Side effects of digoxin toxicity

Answer 3

Nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, loss of appetite, and diarrhea may occur.

Yellow halos around lights

Question 4

International normalized ratio

Answer 4

In healthy people an INR of 1.1 or below is considered normal. An INR range of 2.0 to 3.0 is generally an effective therapeutic range for people taking warfarin for disorders such as atrial fibrillation or a blood clot in the leg or lung

Question 5

Antihypertensive drug used for hair growth

Answer 5

Minoxidil

Question 6

PHASE 0: Sodium influx

Answer 6

End in ‘ine’ ‘mide’ ‘none’ and ‘nide’

Sodium blockers

• Lidocaine
• Quinidine
• Disopyramide
• Procainamide
• Moricizine
• Propafenone
• Flecainide
• Mexiletine
• Tocainide

Question 7

PHASE 1 & 3: Partial potassium eflux

Answer 7

Potassium blockers

• D-,l-sotalol
• Dofetilide
• Amiodarone
• Bretylium
• Ibutilide

Question 8

PHASE 2: Calcium influx

Answer 8

Calcium blockers

• Verapamil
• Diltiazem

Question 9

If there is an anomaly

Answer 9

Beta adrenergic blockers:

• Propranolol
• Metoprolol
• Atenolol
• Esmolol
• Acebutolol