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Pharmacology > Autonomic Nervous Systen > Flashcards

Autonomic Nervous Systen Flashcards

1
Q

“Flight or Fight” system

A

Sympathetic system
Sympathomimetic
Anticholinergic

Sympathetic nerves are adrenergic nerves that release norepinephrine (NE) which interacts with alpha and beta receptors

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2
Q

“Right & Digest”

A

Parasympathetic system
Parasympathomimetic
Cholinergic

Parasympathetic nerves are cholinergic nerves. They release acetylcholine (ACh) which interacts with muscarinuc receptors

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3
Q

Norepinephrine on eyes

A

Dilate

Facilitating clear vision

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4
Q

Norepinephrine on heart

A

Increased heart rate

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5
Q

Norepinephrine on trachea and bronchioles

A

Dilates

Increased respirations

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6
Q

Norepinephrine on liver

A

Stimulates the conversion of glycogen into glucose

Facilitating energy

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7
Q

Norepinephrine on blood flow

A

Shunts blood away from skin and viscera to the skeletal muscles, brain and heart

Causing cold sweats

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8
Q

Norepinephrine on Gastrointestinal tract

A

Inhibits peristalsis

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9
Q

Norepinephrine on bladder and rectum

A

Inhibits contraction

Sphincter muscles contract
Detrusor muscles relax

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10
Q

Norepinephrine on blood vessels

A

Vasoconstriction

Increased blood pressure

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11
Q

Norepinephrine on kidneys

A

Release of renin

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12
Q

Norepinephrine on adrenal gland

A

Release of adrenaline

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13
Q

Norepinephrine on sweat glands

A

Sweating

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14
Q

Norepinephrine on skeletal muscles

A

Increased muscle activity

Tremors

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15
Q

Norepinephrine on tear ducts

A

Decreased lacrimation

Dry eyes

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16
Q

Norepinephrine on salivary glands

A

Decreased salivation

Dry mouth

17
Q

Norepinephrine on penis

A

Ejaculation

18
Q

Norepinephrine on uterus

A

Relaxation

19
Q

Steps of Adrenergic Synapse

A

1) Synthesis of norepinephrine
2) Storage of NE in vesicles
3) Release of NE
4) Action of NE
5) Inactivation by presynpatic reuptake transporters

20
Q

Adrenergic Agonists are subdivided into 3 classes of drugs:

A

Direct-acting
Indirecting-acting
Dual-acting

21
Q

Direct-acting agonist

A

These bind to and activate a1, a2, b1, b2 and b3.

Naturally occurring molecules which bind to these receptors are norepinephrine and epinephrine.

Dopamine can also bind to a1 and b1 which stimulates heart rate.

22
Q

Indirect-acting adrenergic (i.e., amphetamines and cocaine)

A

Stimulates the release of NE and prevents its reuptake. By preventing the NE inactivation, they linger in the adrenergic synapses.

23
Q

ALPHA 1 RECEPTORS LOCATED

A

Blood vessels
AGONIST - Vasoconstriction
(Treat Hypotension)

ANTAGONIST - Vasodilation (Treat Hypertension)

24
Q

ALPHA 2 RECEPTORS LOCATED

A

Blood vessels
AGONIST - Vasoconstriction
(Hypotension)

ANTAGONIST - Vasodilation
(Hyertension)

Pre-synpatic membranes in adrenergic nerves (inhibits NE release)

25
Q

BETA 1 RECEPTORS LOCATED

A

Heart
AGONIST - increase heart rate and force
(treat heart failure)

ANTAGONIST - decrease heart rate (treat tachycardia, hypertension, angina)

26
Q

BETA 2 RECEPTORS LOCATED

A

Bronchioles smooth muscles
AGONIST - treat asthma
NO ANTAGONIST

Skeletal muscles arteries (??)

27
Q

Acetylcholine on eyes

A

Pupillary constriction

28
Q

Acetylcholine on heart

A

Decreased heart rate

29
Q

Acetylcholine on lung/bronchioles

A

Bronchoconstriction

Decreased respirations

30
Q

Acetylcholine on blood vessels

A

Vasodilation

Decreased blood pressure

31
Q

Acetylcholine on G. I. Tract

A

Increased peristalsis

32
Q

Acetylcholine on bladder

A

Sphincter relax
Detrusornmuscles contract
Facilitating urination

33
Q

Acetylcholine on rectum

A

Sphincter relax
Detrusor muscles contract
Facilitating defecation

34
Q

Acetylcholine on skin

A

Blood returns to extremities

Normal skin

35
Q

Acetylcholine on liver

A

Release of bile

36
Q

Acetylcholine on penis

A

Erection

37
Q

Acetylcholine on uterus

A

Contraction

Pharmacology (11 decks)

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