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Medical Terminology > Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Cardiovascular System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Circulatory

A

circulate oxygen rich blood throughout the body

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2
Q

3 major structures of the Cardiovascular System

A

heart, blood vessels, the blood and cells

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3
Q

aorta

A

largest artery in the human body

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4
Q

muscular layers of the heart

A

myocardium, endocardium, pericardium

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5
Q

epicardium

A

innermost layer of the pericardium

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6
Q

myocardium

A

layer of cardiac muscle that makes up the middle layer of the heart

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7
Q

endocardium

A

innermost layer that lines the 4 chambers of the heart

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8
Q

4 valves of the heart

A

2 atrioventricular valves and 2 semilunar valves

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9
Q

atrioventricular valves

A

between the atria and ventricles on both sides of heart

right AV is tricuspid (3 flaps) left AV is bicuspid (2 flaps)

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10
Q

circulation

A

heart, lungs, and valves involved in getting oxygen to all the cells of the body

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11
Q

pulminary

A

blood is pumped from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart as oxygenated blood

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12
Q

systemic

A

blood pumps out of the left ventricle and is circulated to all the cells of the body

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13
Q

pathway as blood flows through the heart

A

inferior/superior vena cava –>right atrium–>tricuspid valve–>right ventricle–>pulmonary arteries–>lungs–>pulmonary veins–>left atrium–>mitral valve–>left ventricle–>aortic valve

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14
Q

conduction

A

the heart is an electrical system with specialized heart muscle cells with connections called intercalated di to move the electrical impulse across the heart

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15
Q

blood pressure

A

the pressure exerted by the blood against the wall of an artery or vein

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16
Q

systolic BP

A

top number shows pressure when the ventricles are pumping

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17
Q

diastolic BP

A

bottom number shows pressure between heartbeats when the heart is resting

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18
Q

sphygmomanometer

A

used to measure blood pressure: a blood pressure cuff

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19
Q

cardiologist

A

heart doctor

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20
Q

cardiovascular technologist

A

works in a cardiac cath lab and performs very complex procedures, including stent implants, cardiac pacemakers and defibrillators

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21
Q

telemetry nurse

A

These nurses are highly trained in using the latest electrocardiogram (EKG/ECG) and telemedicine technology, and are experts at identifying potentially dangerous heart rhythms.

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22
Q

temporal artery

A

temples on your head

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23
Q

cartoid artery

A

neck area

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24
Q

apical pulse

A

center of chest

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25
Q

brachial artery

A

crease in arm

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26
Q

femoral artery

A

top inner thigh (groin area)

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27
Q

radial artery

A

on wrist on thumb side

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28
Q

popliteal artery

A

knee

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29
Q

dorsalis pedis

A

front of ankle

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30
Q

pulse

A

rhythmic throbbing generated by heart contractions

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31
Q

brachial pulse point

A

used to take blood pressure ( on arm)

32
Q

apiel pulse point

A

requires stethoscope (chest)

33
Q

radial artery

A

most common pulse point (wrist)

34
Q

aneurysm

A

localized, balloon-like dilation of a blood vessel, usually an artery

35
Q

angina

A

severe chest pain; angina pectoris

36
Q

cardiac tamponade

A

excess fluid accumulates in the pericardium

37
Q

congestive heart failure (CHF)

A

results from reduced blood flow from the heart with weakness, breathlessness, and edema in lower extremities

38
Q

coronary artery disease (CAD)

A

narrowing of the coronary arteries, results in insufficient blood supply to the heart

39
Q

atherosclerosis

A

plaque build up in the arteries

40
Q

arrhythmia

A

irregular heartbeat

41
Q

bradycardia

A

slow heartrate

42
Q

tachycardia

A

fast heart rate

43
Q

shock

A

peripheral blood flow is insufficient to return to the heart

44
Q

embolus

A

mass of solid, liquid, or gas that travels through the bloodstream, usually causing obstruction (occlusion) of a blood vessel

45
Q

thrombus

A

a blood clot that develops

46
Q

arteri/o

A

artery

47
Q

arteriol/o

A

arteriole (small artery)

48
Q

ather/o

A

plaque; fatty buildup

49
Q

bol/o

A

cast; throw

50
Q

cardi/o

A

heart

51
Q

coagul/o

A

coagulation; clotting

52
Q

constrict/o

A

narrowing

53
Q

coron/o

A

heart

54
Q

cyan/o

A

blue

55
Q

dilat/o

A

to enlarge or expand

56
Q

electr/o

A

electricity

57
Q

lumin/o

A

light

58
Q

my/o

A

muscle

59
Q

phleb/o

A

vein

60
Q

pulmon/o

A

lung

61
Q

rhythm/o

A

rhythm; heartbeat

62
Q

angi/o

A

vessel (blood)

63
Q

aort/o

A

aorta; largest artery

64
Q

sept/o

A

wall; partition

65
Q

son/o

A

sound

66
Q

sphygm/o

A

pulse

67
Q

systol/o

A

contraction

68
Q

tens/o

A

stretched; strained

69
Q

thromb/o

A

clot

70
Q

tom/o

A

to cut

71
Q

vas/o

A

vessel; duct

72
Q

vascul/o

A

blood vessel

73
Q

ven/i, ven/o

A

vein

74
Q

ventricul/o

A

ventricle

75
Q

venul/o

A

venule (small vein)

Medical Terminology (11 decks)

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