CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM Flashcards
Location of the heart
between the two lungs, 2/3 to the left
Membrane that surrounds and protects the heart and holds it in place.
PERICARDIUM
tough, inelastic, dense irregular connective tissue layer. It prevents overstretching of the heart, provides protection, and anchors the heart in place.
Outer fibrous pericardium
a thinner, more delicate membrane that forms a double layer around the heart.
Inner serous pericardium
Two parts of the pericardium:
- Outer fibrous pericardium
2. Inner serous pericardium
Two parts of the inner serous pericardium:
a. Outer parietal layer
b. Inner Visceral Layer
Fused to outer fibrous pericardium
Outer Parietal Layer
Also known as epicardium. Adheres tightly to the surface of the heart
Inner Visceral Layer
thin film of fluid between the parietal and visceral layers. It reduces friction between the membranes as heart moves.
PERICARDIAL FLUID
space that contains the pericardial fluid.
PERICARDIAL CAVITY
inflammation of the pericardium.
PERICARDITIS
Chambers of the heart:
- Atria
2. Ventricles
two upper chambers
Atria
two lower chambers
Ventricles
partition between atria
◊ Contains fossa ovalis (remnant of foramen ovale)
INTERATRIAL SEPTUM
Deoxygenated blood pathway
- SVC, IVC, CS
- RA
- RV
- PT
- R&L PA
Oxygenated blood pathway
- Lungs
- PV
- LA
- LV
- AA
Prevents backflow of blood
VALVES OF THE HEART
Two types of valves
- Atrioventricular
2. Semilunar
2 types of atrioventricular valves
- Tricuspid valve
2. Bicuspid (Mitral) valve
2 types of semilunar valves
- Pulmonary valve
2. Aortic valve
lies between atrium and ventricle
ATRIOVENTRICULAR VALVES
prevent blood from flowing back into the heart
SEMILUNAR VALVES
valve from RA to RV
Tricuspid valve