Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Health Assessment > Cardiovascular/Peripheral Vascular > Flashcards

Cardiovascular/Peripheral Vascular Flashcards

1
Q

Active cancer, history of recent immobilization, or recent travel are risk factors for:

A

DVT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Chest pain occurring either at rest or with activity and does not change with respiratory or position, may radiate to L arm/neck and typically lasting more than 20 minutes

A

Acute coronary syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Pain radiating to both arms, left arm, jaw or neck are symptoms of:

A

Acute coronary syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

PAST or current history of smoking is a major risk factor for:

A

Peripheral artery disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

HTN, smoking, preeclampsia, and family history are significant risk factors for?

A

Cardiovascular disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Recent evidence shows that women present with more subtle symptoms than men for?

A

CVD or ACS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Presence of AV nicking, hemorrhages, papilledema or exudates on fundoscopy are signs of end organ damage associated with?

A

Long standing OR uncontrolled HTN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Displacement of PMI, clicks, murmurs, S3/S4 heart sounds may be seen with?

A

Long standing OR uncontrolled HTN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Most COMMON cause of calf pain with activity, relieved with rest

A

Peripheral artery disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The physical findings of hairless lower extremities and atrophic skin is associated with?

A

Peripheral artery disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Indicates the beginning of systole and coincides with the apical pulse?

A

S1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Indicates the beginning of diastole?

A

S2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The type of murmurs that occur between S1 and S2

A

Systolic murmurs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The type of murmurs that occur between S2 and S1

A

Diastolic murmurs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Used to evaluate cardiac electrical conduction

A

EKG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

May demonstrate wave form changes (P, ST, T) indicative of ischemia/infarction

A

EKG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Murmurs associated with mitral stenosis and aortic regurgitation are these type of murmurs

A

Diastolic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Aortic stenosis, mitral regurgitation, and tricuspid regurgitation are these types of murmurs

A

Systolic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Represents the CVP or pressure in the RA

A

JVP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Raising the head of the bed, turning the head away from the examiner, using a tangential light across the neck will assist with assessing..

A

JVP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What heart sound indicates ventricular failure or an MI d/t an abrupt deceleration of blood flow across the mitral valve?

A

S3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

When does S3 occur in auscultation?

A

After S2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What heart sound indicates a ventricular dysfunction?

A

S4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

When does S4 occur in auscultation?

A

Right before S1

25
Q

Are S3 and S4 diastolic or systolic murmurs?

A

Diastolic

26
Q

This sound occurs due to the closing of the aortic and pulmonic valves occurring at different times. If it occurs during inspiration d/t increased pressure in the aorta it is physiologic and if it persists during exhalation it is a pathologic (fixed) sound.

A

S2 split

27
Q

Where is the mitral valve best heard?

A

The apex

28
Q

Where is the tricuspid valve best heard?

A

The L sternal border

29
Q

Harsh sounding, crescendo-decrescendo, mid-systolic murmur heard best at the R 2nd/3rd intercostal space with the patient sitting/leaning forward

A

Aortic stenosis

30
Q

Rumbling, low decrescendo, diastolic murmur, heard best at the apex with the bell with the patient in a L lateral position

A

Mitral stenosis

31
Q

Blowing, high pitched, diastolic murmur, best heard at the L 2nd-4th intercostal spaces with the patient sitting/leaning forward and holding their breath after exhalation

A

Aortic regurgitation

32
Q

Hard, medium/high pitched, holosystolic murmur, best heard at the apex that does not vary with respirations

A

Mitral regurgitation

33
Q

Blowing, medium pitched, holosystolic murmur, best heard at the lower L sternal border that increases with inspiration

A

Tricuspid regurgitation

34
Q

Harsh, crescendo-decrescendo, mid-systolic mumur, best heard at the L 2nd/3rd intercostal spaces

A

Pulmonic stenosis

35
Q

Which murmurs are diastolic?

A

S3/S3, mitral stenosis, aortic regurgitation

36
Q

Which murmurs are systolic?

A

Aortic stenosis, pulmonic stenosis, mitral regurgitation, tricuspid regurgitation

37
Q

SBP-DBP=?

A

Pulse pressure

38
Q

Key findings:
normally asymptomatic pt, pulsatile abdominal mass, bounding pulse, pain in region of mass that doesn’t change with movement if symptomatic, syncopal episodes

A

AAA

39
Q

Key findings:
Hx of HLD and smoking; normally asymptomatic, moderate-severe diagnosis accompanied by angina, TIAs/CVAs, HTN, bruits, weak pulses, elevated inflammatory markers, A-BI <0.9 or >1.4

A

Atherosclerosis

40
Q

Key Findings:
FH of ASD, Holt-Oram syndrome, trisomy 21, Noonan’s syndrome; wide fixed S2 split, cardiomegaly, NSR with possible prolonged QT

A

Atrial septal defect

41
Q

Key Findings:
Hx of prolonged sitting/standing, obesity, physical inactivity, elderly, females, pregnancy; aching, heaviness, itching, edema to LE, varicose veins, hyperpigementation

A

Chronic venous insufficiency

42
Q

Key Findings:
FH of coarctation, Hx of Turner’s syndrome, DiGeorge’s syndrome; gallop rhythm, CHF s/s, weak femoral pulses, skin mottling

A

Coarctation of the aorta

43
Q

Key Findings:
fatigue, anorexia, nausea; Hx AMI or LVH; weakness, arrhythmias, dyspnea with exertion, ascites, LE edema, JVD, cough with white/pink tinged exudate, weight gain, elevated ANH/BNP

A

CHF

44
Q

Key Findings:
FH of CVD/HTN, Hx of diabetes, obesity/overweight, physically inactive, smoking/ETOH use, unhealthy diet (excessive salt/saturated fat); primarily asymptomatic, can present with headaches, nosebleed

A

HTN

45
Q

Key Findings:
fever, chills, malaise, dyspnea, cough, joint pain, petechaie, sublingual hemorrhages, dark-red linear lesions of the nail beds, Osler’s nodes, Janeway lesions, delirium, rales, gallops, pericardial friction rub

A

Infective endocarditis

46
Q

Key Findings:
primarily asymptomatic, mid-systolic click, chest pain, fatigue, dyspnea on exertion, anxiety, palpitations

A

Mitral valve prolapse

47
Q

Key Findings:
Hx of acute trauma; CP worsened by breathing/lying, tachypnea, NP cough, fever >100.4, chills, weakness, pericardial friction rub

A

Pericarditis

48
Q

Key Findings:
Female, color changes to digits with cold/stress, vasospasms

A

Raynaud’s

49
Q

Key Findings:
Hx of untreated strep throat or rheumatic fever; pathologic heart murmur, joint pain/arthritis symptoms, CP or swelling

A

Rheumatic heart disease

50
Q

Key Findings:
Varying degrees of cyanosis resolved by bringing knees to chest; Hx of DiGeorge’s syndrome, Trisomy 21, 18, or 13, Holt-Oram syndrome, alagille’s syndrome

A

Tetralogy of Fallot

51
Q

Key Findings:
Hx Trisomy 21, 18, or 13, Holt-Oram syndrome; maternal marijuana, cocaine, or paint stripping use; noted loud holosytolic or short systolic ejection murmur

A

Ventricular septal defect

52
Q

What is the leading cause of sudden death in athletes?

A

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

53
Q

When does the heart fully form in a fetus?

A

Day 35 of gestation

54
Q

What is a tool used to predict DVT probability?

A

Wells Criteria

55
Q

If an S1 split is heard, this could be from…

A

RBBB or PVCs

56
Q

A fixed S2 spilt indicates…

A

Atrial septal defect, RV failure

57
Q

A wide S2 split (not fixed) indicates…

A

Pulm. stenosis with a RBBB or aortic valve early closure with MVR

58
Q

EKG leads II, aVF, and III are _______ leads

A

inferior

59
Q

EKG leads aVL, I, aVR are _______ leads

A

lateral

Health Assessment (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions