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Pharma > Cardiovascular Drugs > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

MOA of Simvastatin

A

HMG-COA reductase inhibitor

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2
Q

Effect of Simvastatin

A

Lowers T. chol, LDL and Trig

Increases HDL

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3
Q

Marker for muscle injury

A

TotalCK

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4
Q

Simvastatin Side effects

A

Increase LF test
Myositis
Myopathy

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5
Q

Liporotein lipase inhibitor; Obesity

A

Orlistat

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6
Q

Orlistat Side effect

A

Steatorrhea

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7
Q

Decreases VLDL
inreases catabolism
decrease hepatic cholesterol synthesis

A

Nicotinic Acid (Niacin B3)

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8
Q

Nicotinic acid (niacin) AE

A

Facial flushing

Liver toxicity

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9
Q

Best drug for TGL control

A

Fibrates

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10
Q

What mimics amphetamine and is used for the treatment of obesity

A

sibutramine

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11
Q

Give 2 antihypertensives that affects the sympathetic nerve terminals

A

Guanethidine

Reserpine

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12
Q

MOA of guanethidine

A

depletes NE

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13
Q

MOA of reserpine

A

prevent vesicular uptake of NE

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14
Q

Reserpine AE

A

sensonural changes
suicidal ideation
mental depression

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15
Q

common side effects of centrally acting antiHPN

A

sedation, headache

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16
Q

HPN commonly used in pregnancy

A

Methyldopa

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17
Q

Methyldopa AE

A

(+) coombs
lactation
impotence
Drug induced lupus

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18
Q

Clonidine AE

A

rebound HPN

headache

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19
Q

3 examples of alpha adrenergic blockers

A

prazosin
terazosin
doxazosin

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20
Q

alpha blockers AE

A

first dose Othrostatic hypotension

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21
Q

“olol” drug classification

A

Beta blockers

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22
Q

Beta blockers adverse effects

A

Bronchoconstricion, impotence

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23
Q

B-blockers are used in caution to patients with what condition?

A

ASTHMA

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24
Q

Part of the vascular system with masimum PVR

A

arterioles

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25
Q

Direct vasodilator used in preeclampsia

A

Hydralazine

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26
Q

Minoxidil side efects

A

hirsutism

male baldness

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27
Q

Direct vasodilator the dilates both the arterioles and venules

A

Na nitropusside

28
Q

Common drugs used in Malignant HPN

A

Diazoxide
Na Nitropusside
Nicardipine

29
Q

BP goal for malignant HPN

A

25% bp reduction

30
Q

MOA of diazoxide

A

opens K channel

31
Q

The two major changes that affects the RAAS

A

Hypovolemia

Decreased BP

32
Q

Most common SE of ACE inhibitors

A

cough

33
Q

Where is renin produced

A

juxtagromerular part of the KIDNEY

34
Q

ACE inhibitor indications

A

HPN
CHF
DM nephropathy

35
Q

ACE inhibitor effect

A

Vasodilation
dec aldosteron
dec cardiac remodelling

36
Q

ACE inhibitor AE

A

Fetal hypotension when take 2nd and 3rd trimestor of pregnancy

37
Q

Name a direct RAAS inhibitor

A

Aliskinen

38
Q

A diuretic used for glaucoma and metabolic acidosis

A

Acetazolamide

39
Q

Acetazolamide AE

A

Hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis

Interstitial nephritis

40
Q

Mosto common side effect of Sulfonamides

A

Steven Johnson’s syndrome

41
Q

Where does your loop diuretic action takes place in the tubules?

A

Thick ascending

42
Q

Thiazide diuretic AE

A

Hypochloremic metabolic acidosis

43
Q

Potassiun sparing AE

A

Gynecomastia

Impotence

44
Q

Used to treat shock, drug overdose and increasd ICP

A

Mannitol

45
Q

What type of diuretic is mannitol?

A

Osmotic diuretic

46
Q

Name 4 types of antiarrythmics

A

Na-Channel blocker
B adrenergic
K channel blockers
CCBs

47
Q

Name two dugs under Class 1a of antiarryhtmics

A

Quinidine/quinine

Procanamide

48
Q

Quinidine AE

A

Cinchonism

49
Q

Symptoms of cinchonism

A

Blurred vision
tinitus
headache
dizziness

50
Q

4 drugs that causes LUPUS like syndrome

A

Methyldopa
Hydralazine
Procainamide
Isoniazide

51
Q

Class 1b antiarrythmic

A

Lidocaine

Phenytoin

52
Q

Advese effect of Lidocaine

A

Nystagmus - early

Drowsiness

53
Q

Used for DIGOXIN induced atrial and ventricular arrytmias

A

Phenytoin

54
Q

Used for sugical arryhtmias

A

Esmolol

55
Q

reduction in thyroid hormone levels caused by ingestion of a large amount of iodine

A

Wolff chaikof

56
Q

hyperthyroidism following administration of iodine or iodide, either as a dietary supplement or as contrast medium

A

Jod Basedow

57
Q

Used in SVT

A

Adenosine

58
Q

used in digitalis toxicity

A

potassium

59
Q

Used for torsades de pointes

A

Mg

60
Q

Symtpoms of digitalis toxicity

A

Altered color perception (yellow vision)
Gynecomastia
Hallucinations

61
Q

Antidote for Digitalis toxicity

A

Anti Dig FAB fragments (DIGIBIND)

62
Q

Treatment goals for ditigalis toxicity

A

Normalis K levels
Mg
Anti Dig FAB fragments

63
Q

List 4 major groups of antihypertensive drugs, and give examples of drugs in each group. (Renin inhibitors are not considered an independent major group; can you name the one available drug that acts by this mechanism?)

A

Diuretics
Sympathoplegics
Vasodilators
Angiotensin-renin Antagonists

Renin - ALISKIREN

64
Q

Describe the compensatory responses, if any, to each of the 4 major types of antihypertensive drugs.

A

Diuretics - Minimal
Sympathoplegics - Salt and Water retention
Vasodilators - Salt water retention and Takikardia
Angiotensin-renin antagonist - minimal

65
Q

List the major sites of action of sympathoplegic drugs in clinical use, and give examples of drugs that act at each site.

A

Centrally Acting (clonidine, methyldopa)
Ganglion Blockers (Hexamethonium)
Alpha blockers - Prazosin
Beta blockers - propanolol

66
Q

4 Mechanism of action of vasodilators

A

Reduction of calcium influx via L-type channels

Release of nitric oxide from drug or vascular endothelium

Hyperpolarization of vascular smooth muscle through open- ing of potassium channels

Activation of dopamine D1 receptors

67
Q

Describe the differences between the 2 types of angiotensin antagonists.

A

ACE inhibitor: angiotensin II synthesis
Captopril
ARBs: Blocks AT receptors
Losartan

Pharma (17 decks)

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