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Pharma Pearls (Topnotch) > Cardiovascular Drugs > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Drugs Flashcards

0
Q

Anti hypertensive drug. Hypertension with co morbid CHF/DM. Side effects?

A

Captopril. Cough, angioedema

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1
Q

Anti hypertensive drug. First line drug for essential hypertension

A

HCTZ

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2
Q

Anti hypertensive drug. Contraindicated in bilateral renal artery stenosis

A

Captopril

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3
Q

Anti hypertensive drug. For ACE inhibitor intolerance

A

Loasartan

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4
Q

Anti hypertensive drug. Hypertension with comorbid BPH

A

Prazosin

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5
Q

Anti hypertensive drug. Pre-eclampsia (maintenance medication) and side effects

A

Methyldopa. Hemolytic anemia (positive coombs test)

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6
Q

Anti hypertensive drug. Pre eclampsia (acute BP lowering). Side effects?

A

Hydralazine.

Reflex tachycardia, drug induced lupus

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7
Q

Anti hypertensive drug. Hypertensive emergency. Hypertrichosis side effect

A

Minoxidil

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8
Q

Anti hypertensive drug. Hypertensive emergency. Cyanide poisoning side effect

A

Nitroprusside

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9
Q

Portion of the electron transport chain affected by cyanide

A

Complex IV

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10
Q

Antidote for cyanide poisoning

A

Inhaled amyl nitrite + IV sodium nitrite + IV sodium thiosulfate

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11
Q

Anti anginal drug/s. Relief of acute anginal attacks. Sode effect?

A

NTG, ISDN

Headache

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12
Q

Anti anginal drug/s. Angina maintenance, vascular > cardiac effect. Side effects?

A

Nifedipine

Flushing, edema, gingival hyperplasia

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13
Q

Anti anginal drug/s. Angina maintenance, vascular = cardiac effect, vasospastic angina, Raynaud’s Phenomenon, DOES NOT cause gingival hyperplasia

A

Diltiazem

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14
Q

Anti anginal drug/s. Supraventricular tachycardia, cardiac > vascular effect. Side effect

A

Verapamil

Gingival hyperplasia

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15
Q

Why do patients taking nitrates usually experience throbbing headaches?

A

Meningeal artery vasodilation

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16
Q

Why is calcium-dependent neurotransmission or hormone release not affected by CCB’s?

A

CCB’s block L type calcium channels. Other functions use N-, P-, and R- types

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17
Q

What drugs can cause gingival hyperplasia?

A

“NapaCa-Pangit ng gingiVa mo!”

Nifedipine
Cyclosporine
Phenytoin
Verapamil

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18
Q

Drug/s for Heart Failure. Poistive inotrope for heart failure

A

Digoxin

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19
Q

Side effects of Digoxin

A

Arrhythmias (PVC, AVB), RG color blindness, visual haloes (Van Gogh)

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20
Q

Drug/s for Heart Failure. Treatment of Pulmonary edema in CHF

A

Furosemide

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21
Q

Drug/s for Heart Failure. First-line drug for Chronic CHF, cardioprotective

A

Ace inhibitors, ARBs

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22
Q

Drug/s for Heart Failure. Improves survival (decreases mortality) in CHF

A

Ace, ARB, B blockers, Spironolactone

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23
Q

Drug/s for Heart Failure. Decreases hospitalizations in CHF

A

Digoxin

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24
Q

Drug/s for Heart Failure. Improves survival in CHF patients of African American descent

A

Hydralazine + ISDN

25
Q

What drugs have been shown to improve survival in cases of hert failure?

A

“ABA! Buhay ka pa!

Ace inhibitors
Beta blockers
Aldosterone antagonists

26
Q

Antiarrhythmic drug/s. Treatment of all types of arrhythmias. Side effect?

A

Procainamide

Drug induced lupus

27
Q

Antiarrhythmic drug/s. Side effect includes Cinchonism (headache, tinnitus, vertigo)

A

Quinidine

28
Q

S/Sx of cinchonism?

A

Headache, tinnitus, veritgo

29
Q

Antiarrhythmic drug/s. Post MI arrhytmias, digitalis arrhythmias. Side effects?

A

Lidocaine

Seizures

30
Q

Antiarrhythmic drug/s. Contraindicated post MI, refractory arrhythmias

A

Fleicanide

31
Q

Antiarrhythmic drug/s. Perioperativeand thyrotoxic arrhythmias, SVT

A

Esmolol

32
Q

Antiarrhythmic drug/s. Side effect: dose dependent torsades de pointes

A

Sotalol

33
Q

Antiarrhythmic drug/s. Most efficacious anti arrhythmic

A

Amiodarone

34
Q

Side effects of Amiodarone

A

Skin deposits, pulmonary fibrosis, hyper/hypothyroidism

35
Q

Antiarrhythmic drug/s. Outpatient management of SVT. Side effect includes gingival hyperplasia

A

Verapamil

36
Q

What are the effects of class I antiarrhythmics on action potential duration?

A

Class IA: prolongs AP duration
Class IB: shortens AP duration
Class IC: No effect on AP duration

37
Q

Class IA antiarrhytmics

A

“I am the queen who proclaimed Diso’s pyramid”

Quinidine
Procainamide
Disopyramide

38
Q

Class IB anti arrhythmics

A

“I Buy Mexican Tacos from Lily”
Best post MI

Mixelitine
Tocainide
Lidocaine

39
Q

Class IC Antiarrhythmics

A

“Chicken ay pagkain for enrico”
IC is contraindicated post MI

Propafenone, flecainide, encainide

40
Q

Drugs that can cause agranulocytosis

A 
Agranulocytosis! Cccappit!
Clozapine
Co trimoxazole
Colchicine
Aminopyrine
Phenylbutazone
PTU
indomethacin
Tocainide
41
Q

Why are dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers not useful as antiarrhythmics?

A

Evoke compensatory sympathetic discharge which facilitates arrhythmias rather than terminating them

42
Q

Diuretic. Acts on PCT. treatment of Glaucoma and mountain sickness

A

Acetazolamide

43
Q

Side effect/s of acetazolamide

A

NAGMA, hepatic encephalopathy

44
Q

Diuretic/s. Acts on TAL

A

Furosemide

45
Q

Diuretic/s. Treatment of Pulmonary Edema

A

Furosemide

46
Q

Diuretic/s. Most efficacious of diuretics

A

Furosemide

47
Q

Side effects of Furosemide

A

Ototixicity
Hypokalemia
Hypocalcemia

48
Q

Diuretic/s. Acts on DCT

A

HCTZ

49
Q

Side effect of HCTZ

A

Nyperglycemia
Hyperlipidemia
Hypercalcemia

50
Q

Diuretic/s. Acts on CCD

A

Spironolactone

51
Q

Side effect of Spironolactone

A

Gynecomastia

Hyperkalemia

52
Q

Diuretic/s. Acts on PCT, DCT and CCD

A

Mannitol

53
Q

Diuretic/s. Treatment of Rhabdomyolisis and increased ICP

A

Mannitol

54
Q

Diuretic/s. Contraindicated in Heart Failure

A

Mannitol

55
Q

Diuretic/s. Causes acidosis

A

Acetazolamide

ACIDazolamide causes ACIDosis

56
Q

Causes HAGMA

A

Mudpiles

Methanol
Uremia
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Paraldehyde
Isoniazid
Lactic acid
Ethanol
Salicylates
57
Q

Causes NAGMA

A

Hardup

Hyperalimentation
Acetazolamide
RTA
Diarrhea
Ureteral diversion
Pancreatic fistula
58
Q

What are the adverse effects associated with loop diuretics?

A

“OH DANG”

Ototoxicity
Hypokalemia
Dehydration
Allergy to sulfa
Nephritis
Gout
59
Q

Adverse effects of thiazide diuretics

A

Hyper GLUC

Glycemia
Lipidemia
Uricemia
Calcemia

60
Q

Which drugs can cause gynecomastia?

A

“some drugs create awesome knockers”

Spironolactone
Digoxin
Cimetidine
Alcohol
Ketoconazole

Pharma Pearls (Topnotch) (6 decks)

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