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Pharma Pearls (Topnotch) > Cardiovascular Drugs > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Drugs Flashcards

0
Q

Anti hypertensive drug. Hypertension with co morbid CHF/DM. Side effects?

A

Captopril. Cough, angioedema

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1
Q

Anti hypertensive drug. First line drug for essential hypertension

A

HCTZ

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2
Q

Anti hypertensive drug. Contraindicated in bilateral renal artery stenosis

A

Captopril

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3
Q

Anti hypertensive drug. For ACE inhibitor intolerance

A

Loasartan

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4
Q

Anti hypertensive drug. Hypertension with comorbid BPH

A

Prazosin

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5
Q

Anti hypertensive drug. Pre-eclampsia (maintenance medication) and side effects

A

Methyldopa. Hemolytic anemia (positive coombs test)

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6
Q

Anti hypertensive drug. Pre eclampsia (acute BP lowering). Side effects?

A

Hydralazine.

Reflex tachycardia, drug induced lupus

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7
Q

Anti hypertensive drug. Hypertensive emergency. Hypertrichosis side effect

A

Minoxidil

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8
Q

Anti hypertensive drug. Hypertensive emergency. Cyanide poisoning side effect

A

Nitroprusside

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9
Q

Portion of the electron transport chain affected by cyanide

A

Complex IV

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10
Q

Antidote for cyanide poisoning

A

Inhaled amyl nitrite + IV sodium nitrite + IV sodium thiosulfate

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11
Q

Anti anginal drug/s. Relief of acute anginal attacks. Sode effect?

A

NTG, ISDN

Headache

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12
Q

Anti anginal drug/s. Angina maintenance, vascular > cardiac effect. Side effects?

A

Nifedipine

Flushing, edema, gingival hyperplasia

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13
Q

Anti anginal drug/s. Angina maintenance, vascular = cardiac effect, vasospastic angina, Raynaud’s Phenomenon, DOES NOT cause gingival hyperplasia

A

Diltiazem

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14
Q

Anti anginal drug/s. Supraventricular tachycardia, cardiac > vascular effect. Side effect

A

Verapamil

Gingival hyperplasia

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15
Q

Why do patients taking nitrates usually experience throbbing headaches?

A

Meningeal artery vasodilation

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16
Q

Why is calcium-dependent neurotransmission or hormone release not affected by CCB’s?

A

CCB’s block L type calcium channels. Other functions use N-, P-, and R- types

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17
Q

What drugs can cause gingival hyperplasia?

A

“NapaCa-Pangit ng gingiVa mo!”

Nifedipine
Cyclosporine
Phenytoin
Verapamil

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18
Q

Drug/s for Heart Failure. Poistive inotrope for heart failure

A

Digoxin

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19
Q

Side effects of Digoxin

A

Arrhythmias (PVC, AVB), RG color blindness, visual haloes (Van Gogh)

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20
Q

Drug/s for Heart Failure. Treatment of Pulmonary edema in CHF

A

Furosemide

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21
Q

Drug/s for Heart Failure. First-line drug for Chronic CHF, cardioprotective

A

Ace inhibitors, ARBs

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22
Q

Drug/s for Heart Failure. Improves survival (decreases mortality) in CHF

A

Ace, ARB, B blockers, Spironolactone

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23
Q

Drug/s for Heart Failure. Decreases hospitalizations in CHF

A

Digoxin

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24
Drug/s for Heart Failure. Improves survival in CHF patients of African American descent
Hydralazine + ISDN
25
What drugs have been shown to improve survival in cases of hert failure?
"ABA! Buhay ka pa! Ace inhibitors Beta blockers Aldosterone antagonists
26
Antiarrhythmic drug/s. Treatment of all types of arrhythmias. Side effect?
Procainamide Drug induced lupus
27
Antiarrhythmic drug/s. Side effect includes Cinchonism (headache, tinnitus, vertigo)
Quinidine
28
S/Sx of cinchonism?
Headache, tinnitus, veritgo
29
Antiarrhythmic drug/s. Post MI arrhytmias, digitalis arrhythmias. Side effects?
Lidocaine Seizures
30
Antiarrhythmic drug/s. Contraindicated post MI, refractory arrhythmias
Fleicanide
31
Antiarrhythmic drug/s. Perioperativeand thyrotoxic arrhythmias, SVT
Esmolol
32
Antiarrhythmic drug/s. Side effect: dose dependent torsades de pointes
Sotalol
33
Antiarrhythmic drug/s. Most efficacious anti arrhythmic
Amiodarone
34
Side effects of Amiodarone
Skin deposits, pulmonary fibrosis, hyper/hypothyroidism
35
Antiarrhythmic drug/s. Outpatient management of SVT. Side effect includes gingival hyperplasia
Verapamil
36
What are the effects of class I antiarrhythmics on action potential duration?
Class IA: prolongs AP duration Class IB: shortens AP duration Class IC: No effect on AP duration
37
Class IA antiarrhytmics
"I am the queen who proclaimed Diso's pyramid" Quinidine Procainamide Disopyramide
38
Class IB anti arrhythmics
"I Buy Mexican Tacos from Lily" Best post MI Mixelitine Tocainide Lidocaine
39
Class IC Antiarrhythmics
"Chicken ay pagkain for enrico" IC is contraindicated post MI Propafenone, flecainide, encainide
40
Drugs that can cause agranulocytosis
``` Agranulocytosis! Cccappit! Clozapine Co trimoxazole Colchicine Aminopyrine Phenylbutazone PTU indomethacin Tocainide ```
41
Why are dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers not useful as antiarrhythmics?
Evoke compensatory sympathetic discharge which facilitates arrhythmias rather than terminating them
42
Diuretic. Acts on PCT. treatment of Glaucoma and mountain sickness
Acetazolamide
43
Side effect/s of acetazolamide
NAGMA, hepatic encephalopathy
44
Diuretic/s. Acts on TAL
Furosemide
45
Diuretic/s. Treatment of Pulmonary Edema
Furosemide
46
Diuretic/s. Most efficacious of diuretics
Furosemide
47
Side effects of Furosemide
Ototixicity Hypokalemia Hypocalcemia
48
Diuretic/s. Acts on DCT
HCTZ
49
Side effect of HCTZ
Nyperglycemia Hyperlipidemia Hypercalcemia
50
Diuretic/s. Acts on CCD
Spironolactone
51
Side effect of Spironolactone
Gynecomastia | Hyperkalemia
52
Diuretic/s. Acts on PCT, DCT and CCD
Mannitol
53
Diuretic/s. Treatment of Rhabdomyolisis and increased ICP
Mannitol
54
Diuretic/s. Contraindicated in Heart Failure
Mannitol
55
Diuretic/s. Causes acidosis
Acetazolamide ACIDazolamide causes ACIDosis
56
Causes HAGMA
Mudpiles ``` Methanol Uremia Diabetic ketoacidosis Paraldehyde Isoniazid Lactic acid Ethanol Salicylates ```
57
Causes NAGMA
Hardup ``` Hyperalimentation Acetazolamide RTA Diarrhea Ureteral diversion Pancreatic fistula ```
58
What are the adverse effects associated with loop diuretics?
"OH DANG" ``` Ototoxicity Hypokalemia Dehydration Allergy to sulfa Nephritis Gout ```
59
Adverse effects of thiazide diuretics
Hyper GLUC Glycemia Lipidemia Uricemia Calcemia
60
Which drugs can cause gynecomastia?
"some drugs create awesome knockers" ``` Spironolactone Digoxin Cimetidine Alcohol Ketoconazole ```

Pharma Pearls (Topnotch) (6 decks)

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