Cardiovascular disorder in pregnancy Flashcards
What is the percentage of pregnancies complicated by cardiovascular disease?
1%
What is the percentage of maternal deaths caused by cardiovascular disorders
5%
What are the 4 types of heart disease?
Class 1
Class 2
Class 3
Class 4
In class 1 heart disease does normal physical activities cause discomfort?
No
What is the expected experience of pregnancy for class 1 heart disease in mothers?
normal pregnancy and birth
Is there any symptoms of cardiac insufficiency and anginal pain in class 1 heart disease?
No symptoms
What is the level of compromise for class 2 heart disease?
slightly compromised
What is the expected experience of pregnancy for class 2 heart disease in mothers?
normal pregnancy and birth
Ordinary physical activity can cause what to a mother with class 2 heart disease
excessive fatigue
palpitation
dyspnea or anginal pain
What is the level of compromise for class 3 heart disease?
Markedly compromise
What kind of physical activity can cause a woman to experience excessive fatigue, palpitations and dyspnea in class 3 heart disease?
less than ordinary activity
Which class causes woman to experience excessive fatigue, palpitations, and dyspnea during less than ordinary activity?
class 3
Which class causes woman to experience excessive fatigue, palpitations, and dyspnea during ordinary activity?
class 2
What is the level of compromise for class 4 heart disease?
Severely compromised
Which category of heart disease will the mother be uncompromised?
class 1
Which category of heart disease will the mother be
slightly compromised?
class 2
Which category of heart disease will the mother be markedly compromised?
class 3
Which category of heart disease will the mother be severely compromised?
class 4
Which class will the woman be unable to carry out any physical activity because of discomfort?
class 4
Why are mothers with class 4 heart disease poor candidates for pregnancy?
they are in cardiac failure even at rest even when they arent pregnant
Which class is advised to avoid pregnancy?
class 4
List 5 predisposing factors of mothers with heart disease
Smoking Diabetes High BP High blood cholesterol lack of exercise being obese Stress alcohol
What are the preventions of heart disease?
eating healthy maintain a healthy weight exercising regularly not smoking limiting alcohol use
What are the types of cardiac diseases?
Left sided heart failure
Right sided heart failure
What is the cause for left sided heart failure?
The left ventricle cannot move blood forward
What does left sided heart failure cause?
It causes back pressure on pulmonary circulation, which causes distention and pulmonary hypertension
What is lowered due to left sided heart failure?
Systemic BP is decreased due to the lowered cardiac output
What are the signs and symptoms for left sided heart failure? (name at least 4)
Dyspnea productive cough with speckled sputum increased RR Increased HR fatigue, weakness, dizziness orthopnea Paroxysmal nocturnal dypnea
Why is Dyspnea a sign and symptom of left sided heart failure?
Because of pulmonary edema
Why s a productive cough with blood speckled sputum a sign and symptom of left sided heart failure?
Due to small amounts of blood leaking into the alveoli
What is Orthopnea?
When you sleep with an elevated chest and head
What is the cause for right sided heart failure?
The output of the right ventricle is less than blood volume received
What are the signs and symptoms of right sided heart failure?
Dyspnea and pain
Ascites
Peripheral edema
What are the complications for the mother with cardiac disease?
Spontaneous miscarriage
preterm labor
maternal death
What are the complications for the fetus with cardiac disease?
low birth weight
fetal death
What can you do to manage cardiac disease during labor and birth?
Monitor fetal heart rate
Monitor uterine contractions
Advise side lying position
Administer O2
What is the drug of choice to use with mothers with cardiac disease during labor?
epidural an anesthetic
What can you do to manage cardiac disease during postpartum?
Administer anticoagulant (heparin) and digoxin therapy until circulation stabilizes
What are diagnostic tests to do for mothers with cardiac problems?
Electrocardiogram
Echocardiography
Chest x ray exam
What is an electrocardiogram
It detects the hearts electrical activity
What is an echocardiography?
uses sound waves to create a moving picture of heart
