Cardiovascular Diseases: High Yield Concepts in Valvular Heart Diseases

Question 1

Murmurs that always signify structural heart disease

Answer 1

Diastolic murmurs (Grade I-II systolic murmurs are usually benign)

Question 2

Opening Snap, mid-Late Diastolic Murmur, typical tethering and diastolic doming on 2D Echo, Atrial Fibrillation

Answer 2

Mitral Stenosis (MS)

Question 3

Leading cause of MS

Answer 3

Rheumatic Heart Disease

Question 4

Pansystolic murmur; may be due to Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP)

Answer 4

Mitral Regurgitation (MR)

Question 5

Papillary muscle involved more frequently in acute MR because of single blood supply

Answer 5

Posteromedial papillary muscle

Question 6

Most prominent complaints in chronic severe MR

Answer 6

Fatigue, exertional dyspnea, & orthopnea

Question 7

Most important finding on ausculation in MVP

Answer 7

Mid- or late (non-ejection) systolic click

Question 8

Most common ECG finding in MVP

Answer 8

Normal

Question 9

Most common cause of midsystolic murmur in an adult

Answer 9

Aortic Stenosis (AS)

Question 10

Most common congenita lheart valve defect

Answer 10

Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease

Question 11

Three cardinal symptoms of AS

Answer 11

Exertional Dyspnea
Angina Pectoris
Syncope

Question 12

IE in IV Drug Abusers, pulsating Liver, giant C-V Wave in Jugular Venous Pulses

Answer 12

Tricuspid Regurgitation

Question 13

Carcinoid Heart Disease

Answer 13

Pulmonary Stenosis