Cardiovascular Development Flashcards

1
Q

angioblastic tissue

A

arises from mesenchyme, an aggregation of cells derived from the mesoderm

forms the cardiovascular system

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2
Q

angiogenesis

A

the formation of blood vessels

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3
Q

cardiogenic field

A

horseshoe-shaped structure located around the cranial and lateral portions of the neral plate

area of blood forming cavaties in the visceral mesoderm where the primitive heart, blood vessels and blood cells will form

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4
Q

hemangioblasts

A

multipotent stem cell that can differentiate into both hematopoietic and endothelial cells

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5
Q

endocardial heart tubes

A

derived from the visceral mesoderm and gives rise to the heart and the dorsal and ventral aortas

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6
Q

cardiac tube

A

formed from the caudal endocardial heart tube, which is first composed of only endothelial cells, when it becomes surrouded by myoblasts to form the myocardium

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7
Q

aortic arches

A

series of six paired embryological vascular structures which give rise to several major arteries

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8
Q

blood islands

A

structures around the developing embryo which lead to many different parts of the circulatory system

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9
Q

truncus arteriosus

A

arterial trunk that originates from both ventricles of the heart that later divides into aorta and pulmonary trunk

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10
Q

aorto-pulmonary septum

A

spiral septum ensures that blood from the right ventricle flows into the pulmonary trunk and blood from left ventricle flows into the ascending aorta

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11
Q

transposition of the great vessels

A

deoxygenated blood from right ventricle flows into the ascending aorta and the highly oxygenated blood from the left ventricle flows into the pulmonary trunk

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12
Q

ductus venosus

A

shunts a portion of the left umbilical venous blood flow directly to the caudal vena cava allowing oxygenated blood from the placenta to bypass the liver which is not very functional

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13
Q

ductus arteriosus

A

vessel connecting the pumonary artery to the proximal descending aorta

allows most blood from the right ventricle to bypass the fetus’s fluid-filled non-functioning lungs

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14
Q

atrial septal defect

A

persistant foramen ovale

leads to lower than normal oxygen levels in the arterial blood that supplies the brain, organs, and tissues

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15
Q

patent ductus arteriosus

A

ductus arteriosus fails to close after birth

allows a portion of the oxygenated blood from the left heart to flow back to the lungs by flowing from the aorta to the pulmonary artery

the additional fluid returning to the lungs inreases lung pressure and may lead to congestive heart failure

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16
Q

persistent right aortic arch

A

right aortic arch does not dissappear and results in constriction of the esophageus between it and the heart