Cardiovascular and Pulmonary: Examination of Heart Sounds Flashcards
1
Q
Auscultation Landmarks: Aortic Valve
A
- RIGHT side of Sternum
- 2nd intercostal space
2
Q
Auscultation Landmarks: Pulmonary Valve
A
- LEFT side of sternum
- 2nd intercostal space
3
Q
Auscultation Landmarks: Tricuspid Valve
A
- LEFT side of sternum
- 4th intercostal space
4
Q
Auscultation Landmarks: Mitral Valve
A
- LEFT mid clavicular line
- 5th intercostal space
5
Q
Heart Sounds: S1
A
- Lub
- Normal closure of mitral and tricuspid valve
- Marks beginning of systole
- Decreased in first degree AV block
6
Q
Heart Sounds: S2
A
- Dub
- Normal closure of aortic and pulmonary valves
- Marks end of Systole
- Decreased in aortic stenosis
7
Q
Heart Murmurs: Systolic Murmur
A
- Between S1 and S2
- May indicate valvular disease
- May be normal
8
Q
Heart Murmurs: Dyastolic Murmur
A
- Between S2 and S1
- Indicative of valvular disease
9
Q
Heart Murmurs: Thrill
A
- Abnormal tremor accompanying a vascular or cardiac murmur
- Felt on palpation
10
Q
Heart Murmurs: Bruit
A
- An adventitious sound or murmur
- Arterial or venous origin
- Common in carotid or femoral arteries
- Indicative of atherosclerosis
11
Q
Heart Murmurs: Gallop
A
- Three sounds in each cycle
12
Q
Heart Murmurs: Gallop: S3
A
- Associated with ventricular filling
- Occurs soon after S2
- In older individuals may be indicative of congestive heart failure
13
Q
Heart Murmurs: Gallop: S4
A
- Associated with ventricular filling and atrial contraction
- Occurs just before S1
14
Q
Heart Murmurs: Gallop: S4: Indicative of Pathology
A
- Coronary heart disease
- Myocardial infarction
- Aortic stenosis
- Chronic hypertension
