Cardiovascular Flashcards
What are the subdivisions of the mediastinum?
divided by transverse thoracic plane (from sternal angle to T4/T5 IVD)
above is superior, below is inferior
What are the subdivisions of the inferior mediastinum?
anterior, middle (pericardium, heart, roots of great vessels), posterior
What is fibrous pericardium?
rough external layer, continuous with diaphragm (inf) and great vessels (sup)
what is serous pericardium (2 types)?
membrane lining internal surface of fibrous pericardium (parietal layer) and great vessels becomes visceral layer
BETWEEN parietal and visceral is PERICARDIAL CAVITY - REMOVES FRICTION
What is the conductive pathway of the heart?
SA Node (RA)
AV Node (between RA and RV)
Bundle of HIS (septum)
Purjinke Fibres (spread electric charge to myocardium, causing contractions (A first, then V))
What are the two atrioventricular valves?
tricuspid
bicuspid
What are the two semilunar valves?
for pulmonary and aortic
What surrounds atrioventricular valves?
rings/anulli
What surrounds semilunar valves?
coronets
What does the right coronary artery supply?
right atrium
right ventricle (most of)
partially left ventricle
What does the left coronary artery supply?
left atrium
left ventricle (most of)
partially right ventricle
Where do cardiac veins rain into?
into coronary sinus, into right atrium
What nerves supply the sympathetic NS of heart and what do they cause?
T1-T5
vasodilation, increased cardiac output
What nerves supply the parasympathetic NS of heart and what do they cause?
decreased heart rate, vasoconstriction
What are the borders of the anterior mediastinum?
sternum, pericardium, transverse thoracic plane, diaphragm
