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Test 2A Tues/Thurs > Cardiorespiratory System > Flashcards

Cardiorespiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

Cardiorespiratory System includes…

A

cardiovascular and respiratory systems (heart and lungs)

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2
Q

The cardiovascular and respiratory systems provide..

A

the tissues of the HMS (human muscular system) with oxygen, nutrients, protective agents and a means to remove waste products

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3
Q

Cardiovascular system is composed of (3)

A

the heart, blood, and blood vessels

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4
Q

The heart is composed of

A

4 chambers

2 Atrium
2 Ventricles

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5
Q

Atrium

A

top of the heart
blood enters the heart here
Right Atrium CO2 rich blood
Left Atrium O2 rich blood

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6
Q

Ventricle

A 
bottom of the heart
blood leave the heart here
Right Ventricle CO2 rich blood
     pumps blood to the lungs
Left Ventricle O2 rich blood
    pumps blood to the body
only receives blood from the atrium can not receive from anywhere else
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7
Q

AV Valves

A

Atrioventricular Valves
trap doors
Tricuspid and Mitral (separate atrium and ventricular)
prevent back flow during systole

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8
Q

Systole

A

Ventricular contraction

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9
Q

diastole

A

ventricular relaxation

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10
Q

Aortic Valve

A

prevent back flow during diastole
semilunar
this valve leads to the Aorta which send blood to the body
(left side of the heart)

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11
Q

Pulmonary Valve

A

prevent back flow during diastole
semilunar
this valve leads to the pulmonary artery which sends blood to the lungs
(right side of the heart)

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12
Q

Cardiac Muscle Contraction

A

Sinoatrial Node (SA Node)
Atrioventricular Node (AV Node)
Sympathetic Nervous System
Parasympathetic Nervous System

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13
Q

SA Node

A 
Sinoatrial Node
 BEAT! 
pacemaker
initiates heart beat
top of the heart
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14
Q

AV Node

A 
Atrioventricular Node
 WAIT! 
Delays signal from SA node to AV bundle 
sends signal to the ventricles 
causes systole 
bottom of the heart
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15
Q

Sympathetic Nervous System

A

causes heart to beat faster

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16
Q

Parasympathetic Nervous System

A

causes heart to slow down

17
Q

Function of the Heart

A

Each contraction of a ventricle pushes blood from the heart into the body

The amount of blood that is pumped out with each contraction of a ventricle is the stroke volume (SV)

The rate at which the heart pumps is the heart rate (HR)

Together the heart rate and the stroke volume make up the overall performance of the heart (cardiac output)

18
Q

Blood

A

acts as a medium to deliver and collect essential products to and from the body’s tissues.

the average human body holds about 5 L (1.5 gallons) of blood at any given time

19
Q

Blood is a vital support mechanism it…

A

transports oxygen, hormones, and nutrients to specific tissues and collects waste products

regulates body temperature and pH levels

protects from injury and blood loss through is clotting mechanism to seal off damaged tissue

provides specialized immune cells to fight against foreign toxins the body, decreasing disease and sickness

20
Q

Blood Vessels

A

arteries transport blood away from the heart

veins transport blood back to the heart

21
Q

Circulation

A

(test will start in any order. must know well)

Vena Cava
Right Atrium
Right Ventricle
Pulmonary Artery 
Lungs
Pulmonary Vein 
Left Atrium
Left Ventricle
Aorta 
Arteries
Arterioles
Capillaries (O2 in)
Cell
Capillaries (CO2 out)
Venules 
Veins
(starts over at the vena cava)
22
Q

Respiratory System

A

Its primary role is to ensure proper cellular functioning

Works intimately with the cardiovascular system by providing a means to collect oxygen from the environment and transport it to the bloodstream.

Breathe O2 in CO2 out

23
Q

The collection and transportation of oxygen is made possible by the

A

respiratory pump

respiratory airways

24
Q

Respiratory Pump

A

Located in the thoracic cavity

provides framework and flexibility to allow for the expansion and compression needed for ventilation

25
Q

Ventilation is divided into two phases

A

Inspiratory (inhalation)

Expiratory (exhalation)

26
Q

Bones that make up the respiratory pump (3)

A

Sternum, costals, vertebrae

27
Q

Muscles that make up the respiratory pump

P daises

A

Inspiration: diaphragm, external intercostals, scalenes, sternocleidomastoid, pectoralis minor

Expiration: Internal intercostals, abdominals

28
Q

Respiratory passageways are divided into

A

Conduction passageway

Respiratory passageway

29
Q

Conduction passageway (7)

A 
nasal cavity
oral cavity 
pharynx
larynx
trachea
right and left bronchi
30
Q

Respiratory passageway (2)

A

Alveoli
Alveolar sacs
(exchange oxygen for CO2)

31
Q

Oxygen Consumption

A

The usage of oxygen by the body is known as oxygen consumption (VO2)
At rest 3.5 ml/kg/min

Maximal oxygen consumption is generally accepted as the best means of gauging cardiorespiratory fitness

1 met = 3.5 ml/kg/min

Test 2A Tues/Thurs (7 decks)

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