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Phlebotomy > Cardiopulmonary Procedures > Flashcards

Cardiopulmonary Procedures Flashcards

1
Q

EKG/ECG

A

A record or recording for electrical impulses of the heart as produced by an electrocardiograph

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2
Q
  • The use of ultrasonic waves directed through the heart to study the structure and motion of the heart.
  • The visual record produced is called an echocardiogram.
A

Echocardiography

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3
Q

Adhesive patches that conduct electricity from the body to the ECG machine wires.

A

Electrode

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4
Q

Deflection

A
  • Any movement away from the baseline in the tracing.
  • The deflections reflect the heart’s electrical flow.
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5
Q

Upward deflection movement

A

a positive deflection.

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6
Q

Downward deflection movement

A

a negative deflection.

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7
Q

Interval

A
  • A period of time between two points or events.
  • During an interval, many waves can occur.
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8
Q

P wave

A
  • The first deflection in the tracing.
  • It is created from the electrical impulses moving through the right and left atria.
  • P wave represents atrial depolarization.
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9
Q

QRS complex

A
  • The next wave in the tracing.
  • It can be summarized as ventricular depolarization and atrial repolarization.
  • The ventricles start contracting and blood moves.
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10
Q

J point

A

The point where the QRS complex ends and the ST segment starts.

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11
Q

electrode is considered the ground electrode and is required for a clear ECG tracing.

A

right leg

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12
Q

Lead I:

A

Right arm (RA) to left arm (LA)

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13
Q

Lead II:

A

Right arm (RA) to left leg (LL)

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14
Q

Lead III:

A

Left leg (LL) to left arm (LA)

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15
Q

Augmented leads

A
  • provide information on the vertical (frontal) plane of the heart.
  • Use the right arm (RA), left arm (LA), and left leg (LL) electrodes.
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16
Q

Thermal paper

A
  • A large box is made up of 25 small boxes.
  • The paper has a special heat sensitive coating that allows the tracing to be “burnt” on the paper
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17
Q

Chart speed

A

Regulates the speed of the paper during the recording.
- 25mm/sec

18
Q

Artifact

A

A substance, structure, or event that does not naturally occur in a situation.

19
Q

Somatic tremor

A

artifact appears as jagged peaks with irregular heights and spacing

20
Q

Chest V1

A

(red) Fourth intercostal space at the right sternal edge

21
Q

Chest V2

A

(yellow) Fourth intercostal space at the left sternal edge

22
Q

Chest V3

A

(green) Midway between V2 and V4

23
Q

Chest V4

A

(blue) Fifth intercostal space on the mid-clavicular line

24
Q

Chest V5

A

(orange) Same horizontal plane as V4 at the left anterior axillary line or the midpoint between V4 and V6

25
Q

Chest V6

A

(purple) Same horizontal plane as V4 at the midaxillary line

26
Q

Holter monitor

A

used to monitor the heart over a 24- to 48-hour period while the patient goes about his or her normal activities.

27
Q

PFT

A
  • Pulmonary function test
  • measures the pts lung function or how well the lungs work
28
Q

Peak flow rate

A
  • a meter measures the amount of air exhaled.
  • can be manual or digital.
29
Q

Spirometry

A

done to evaluate lung function as affected by respiratory, cardiac, and neuromuscular diseases.

30
Q

Pulmonary Tx

A

medications and oxygen therapy

31
Q

Nasal cannula

A

the delivery device for oxygen

32
Q

Cardiomegaly

A

enlargement of the heart

33
Q

The heart is divided into four chambers and has two atrial chambers that receive the blood from the body and two ______________ chambers that pump blood out to the body.

A

ventricular

34
Q

Which structure within the heart’s conduction system is known as the “pacemaker of the heart”?

A

sinoatrial node

35
Q

The electrocardiogram (ECG) measures the electrical activity, whereas the echocardiography (ECHO) assesses the:

A

mechanical action.

36
Q

What term describes a substance, structure, or event on an ECG that does not naturally occur in a situation?

A

artifact

37
Q

When using a 12-lead ECG, what area is measured by Lead III?

A

left leg to left arm

38
Q

A pocket-sized tool used for measuring the height and width of the ECG waves and intervals is called a(n):

A

caliper

39
Q

Atrial arrhythmias on an ECG tracing occur when there is a problem with the ___________ starting the impulse.

A

sinoatrial node

40
Q

Which type of heart block occurs when the impulse does not reach the ventricles?

A

third-degree

41
Q

What type of respiratory treatment involves a small machine that turns liquid medication into a fine spray that can be inhaled?

A

nebulizer treatment

42
Q

The use of ultrasonic waves directed through the heart to study the structure and motion of the heart is called a(n):

A

echocardiography

Phlebotomy (6 decks)

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