Cardiopulmonary Procedures

Question 1

EKG/ECG

Answer 1

A record or recording for electrical impulses of the heart as produced by an electrocardiograph

Question 2

• The use of ultrasonic waves directed through the heart to study the structure and motion of the heart.
• The visual record produced is called an echocardiogram.

Answer 2

Echocardiography

Question 3

Adhesive patches that conduct electricity from the body to the ECG machine wires.

Answer 3

Electrode

Question 4

Deflection

Answer 4

• Any movement away from the baseline in the tracing.
• The deflections reflect the heart’s electrical flow.

Question 5

Upward deflection movement

Answer 5

a positive deflection.

Question 6

Downward deflection movement

Answer 6

a negative deflection.

Question 7

Interval

Answer 7

• A period of time between two points or events.
• During an interval, many waves can occur.

Question 8

P wave

Answer 8

• The first deflection in the tracing.
• It is created from the electrical impulses moving through the right and left atria.
• P wave represents atrial depolarization.

Question 9

QRS complex

Answer 9

• The next wave in the tracing.
• It can be summarized as ventricular depolarization and atrial repolarization.
• The ventricles start contracting and blood moves.

Question 10

J point

Answer 10

The point where the QRS complex ends and the ST segment starts.

Question 11

electrode is considered the ground electrode and is required for a clear ECG tracing.

Answer 11

right leg

Question 12

Lead I:

Answer 12

Right arm (RA) to left arm (LA)

Question 13

Lead II:

Answer 13

Right arm (RA) to left leg (LL)

Question 14

Lead III:

Answer 14

Left leg (LL) to left arm (LA)

Question 15

Augmented leads

Answer 15

• provide information on the vertical (frontal) plane of the heart.
• Use the right arm (RA), left arm (LA), and left leg (LL) electrodes.

Question 16

Thermal paper

Answer 16

• A large box is made up of 25 small boxes.
• The paper has a special heat sensitive coating that allows the tracing to be “burnt” on the paper

Question 17

Chart speed

Answer 17

Regulates the speed of the paper during the recording.
- 25mm/sec

Question 18

Artifact

Answer 18

A substance, structure, or event that does not naturally occur in a situation.

Question 19

Somatic tremor

Answer 19

artifact appears as jagged peaks with irregular heights and spacing

Question 20

Chest V1

Answer 20

(red) Fourth intercostal space at the right sternal edge

Question 21

Chest V2

Answer 21

(yellow) Fourth intercostal space at the left sternal edge

Question 22

Chest V3

Answer 22

(green) Midway between V2 and V4

Question 23

Chest V4

Answer 23

(blue) Fifth intercostal space on the mid-clavicular line

Question 24

Chest V5

Answer 24

(orange) Same horizontal plane as V4 at the left anterior axillary line or the midpoint between V4 and V6

Question 25

Chest V6

Answer 25

(purple) Same horizontal plane as V4 at the midaxillary line

Question 26

Holter monitor

Answer 26

used to monitor the heart over a 24- to 48-hour period while the patient goes about his or her normal activities.

Question 27

PFT

Answer 27

- Pulmonary function test - measures the pts lung function or how well the lungs work

Question 28

Peak flow rate

Answer 28

- a meter measures the amount of air exhaled. - can be manual or digital.

Question 29

Spirometry

Answer 29

done to evaluate lung function as affected by respiratory, cardiac, and neuromuscular diseases.

Question 30

Pulmonary Tx

Answer 30

medications and oxygen therapy

Question 31

Nasal cannula

Answer 31

the delivery device for oxygen

Question 32

Cardiomegaly

Answer 32

enlargement of the heart

Question 33

The heart is divided into four chambers and has two atrial chambers that receive the blood from the body and two ______________ chambers that pump blood out to the body.

Answer 33

ventricular

Question 34

Which structure within the heart’s conduction system is known as the “pacemaker of the heart”?

Answer 34

sinoatrial node

Question 35

The electrocardiogram (ECG) measures the electrical activity, whereas the echocardiography (ECHO) assesses the:

Answer 35

mechanical action.

Question 36

What term describes a substance, structure, or event on an ECG that does not naturally occur in a situation?

Answer 36

artifact

Question 37

When using a 12-lead ECG, what area is measured by Lead III?

Answer 37

left leg to left arm

Question 38

A pocket-sized tool used for measuring the height and width of the ECG waves and intervals is called a(n):

Answer 38

caliper

Question 39

Atrial arrhythmias on an ECG tracing occur when there is a problem with the ___________ starting the impulse.

Answer 39

sinoatrial node

Question 40

Which type of heart block occurs when the impulse does not reach the ventricles?

Answer 40

third-degree

Question 41

What type of respiratory treatment involves a small machine that turns liquid medication into a fine spray that can be inhaled?

Answer 41

nebulizer treatment

Question 42

The use of ultrasonic waves directed through the heart to study the structure and motion of the heart is called a(n):

Answer 42

echocardiography