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Phlebotomy > Assisting in the Analysis of Blood > Flashcards

Assisting in the Analysis of Blood Flashcards

1
Q

A group of related proteins that function as antibodies.

  • They are found in plasma and other body fluids.
A

immunoglobulins

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2
Q

a measurement of the percentage of packed RBCs in a volume of blood.
- Normal HET varies with age and general 36%-52%

A

hematocrit

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3
Q

what do lower hematocrit levels indicate?

A

anemia or bleeding

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4
Q

what do higher hematocrit levels indicate?

A

dehydration or polycythemia vera

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5
Q

A disorder characterized by an abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells in the blood.

A

polycythemia vera

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6
Q

A deficiency of hemoglobin in the blood.

  • It is accompanied by a reduced number of red blood cells, pale skin, weakness, and shortness of breath, among other symptoms.
A

anemia

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7
Q

The layer of white blood cells and platelets that separates red blood cells and plasma in a centrifuged sample of whole blood.

A

buffy coat

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8
Q

Helps in the destruction of parasites and fungi

A

Eosinophil

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9
Q

Helps in the destruction of allergens

A

Basophil

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10
Q

Destroy foreign substances by producing antibodies
- B and T cells combined are the second most abundant WBC in the blood, about 20%–40%

A

Lymphocyte

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11
Q

produce specific antibodies against a particular antigen

A

B cells

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12
Q

The oxygen-carrying pigment of red blood cells.

A

hemoglobin

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13
Q

what is the normal hemoglobin range in a female

A

12-16 g/dL

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14
Q

what is the normal hemoglobin range in a male

A

14-18 g/dL

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15
Q

fragments of a larger cell called a megakaryocyte.

  • The smallest of the formed elements in the peripheral blood and assists with blood clotting.
A

Platelets

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16
Q

Plasma is made up of approx. what % of blood volume ?

A

55%

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17
Q

lab test that measures the rate at which RBC’s gradually separate from plasma and settle at the bottom of a calibrated tube in one hour.

  • General indicator/marker for inflammation - ex: RA,lupus,TB
A

ESR

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18
Q

test that measures the time it takes blood to form a fibrin clot

A

PT

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19
Q

higher RBC count causes :

A

Dehydration

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20
Q

performed by hematology

A

H&H: (Hemoglobin & Hematocrit)

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21
Q

Pale red blood cells. Lacking color.

A

hypochromic

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22
Q

The study of the form, shape, and structure of an organism or a cell.

A

morphology

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23
Q

blood test that analyzes the ability of the kidneys to perform their function

A

Blood urea nitrogen BUN

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24
Q

what panel ?
CPX, Troponin I, Troponin T

A

Cardiac panel

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25
what panel ? TSH, T3, T4
Thyroid panel
26
what panel ? sodium, potassium, chloride
Electrolyte panel
27
what panel ? creatine, BUN, Uric acid, glucose
Renal panel
28
what panel ? ALP, GGT, AST, ALT, LDH
Liver panel
29
HDL, LDL, ratios, glucose
Cholestech LDX analyzer
30
an instrument used to separate blood cells from plasma
centrifuge
31
name used to describe an immature neutrophil
band / stab cell
32
RBC that is larger than normal
Macrocytic
33
Where are all blood cells formed?
bone marrow
34
Thrombocytes are formed elements that assist with __________ in the blood system.
clotting
35
When testing blood, the physician orders a hemoglobin A1C test. Which diagnosis is the physician trying to confirm?
diabetes
36
The normal hematocrit percentage in a male is:
42 to 52%.
37
The normal hematocrit percentage in an infant is:
37 to 41%.
38
Low microhematocrit values can indicate:
anemia
39
When a patient presents with pain, which test is ordered to diagnose inflammation in the body?
ESR
40
Which result is a normal hemoglobin level for a female patient?
12 to 16 g/dL
41
What is the optimal level for LDL (low-density lipoprotein) when screening for cholesterol?
less than 100 mg/dL
42
Patients with type _____ blood are considered universal donors.
O
43
A good wedge smear should cover how much of the slide?
½ to ¾ of the slide
44
also described as glycosylated hemoglobin (sugar-coated hemoglobin). - Glycosylated hemoglobin is the result of glucose irreversibly binding to the hemoglobin molecules in the RBCs.
Hemoglobin A1C
45
what level should Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) be at
less than 100 mg/dL.
46
or “diff,” in the CBC is to analyze and count the types of WBCs found in a sample of blood. - The differential can be manually performed using a stained blood smear and a microscope, or with an automated instrument.
differential
47
Which test is used to determine renal function?
Creatinine
48
What do elevated: CPK levels indicate?
Possible MI
49
a normal adult WBC count
4500 = 11,000
50
Platelets are fragments of a larger cell called a _____
megakaryocyte
51
The buffy coat is what color?
White
52
Increases in RBC count are found in patients who are _____
dehydrated
53
Which component of the complete blood count is not necessary to calculate the red cell indices?
Differential
54
A properly prepared wedge smear has blood covering _____
½ to 3/4 of the slide.
55
_____ results are an indicator of inflammation in the body.
high ESR
56
Which department of the lab performs H&H tests?
Hematology
57
A blood test that analyzes the ability of the kidneys to perform their function is the
BUN
58
_______ is a component of a cardiac panel
Troponin
59
What hormones are detected in a thyroid panel?
Thyroxine T4 Triiodothyronine Thyroid Stimulating hormone (TSH)
60
______ is measured to monitor Diabetes
Hemoglobin A1
61
HDL transports _____
cholesterol
62
Which leukocyte is associated with allergies?
Eosinophil
63
T cells and B cells are a subclassification of
Lymphocytes
64
Buffy Coat is found in the center of the tube after blood is
centrifuged
65
Which test measures the time it takes blood to form a fibrin clot?
P7
66
_____ have large, dark, blue-black granules and contain histamine.
Basophil
67
If there is no time for the lab to perform a type and cross-match, which blood would be administered?
Type O
68
Which test is used for the initial screening of a patient for diabetes type 2?
Fasting blood glucose (FBG)
69
_____ are the formed elements in the peripheral blood and is a cell fragment that assists with clotting.
Platelets
70
What test may indicate conditions such as acute and chronic infections, RA, TB, Hepatitis, cancer, MM, aner lupus erythematosus?
ESR
71
Medical term for higher number of platelets
thrombocytosis
72
This instrument used to separate blood cells from plasma?
centrifuge
73
A low micro hematocrit is seen in patients with what condition?
Anemia
74
______ is a condition that produces an unusually large number of RBC.
Polycythemia vera
75
The name used to describe an immature neutrophil?
Band or Stab cell
76
Larger than normal RBC is described as ________
macrocytic
77
Rh-positive babies born to mothers with Rh-negative blood are at risk of developing ____
HDN
78
_______ is a test that determines long-range blood glucose control.
Hemoglobin A1C
79
T/F - Blood type O is considered the "universal donor" because no anti-A or anti-B are found in plasma.
False
80
T/F The lifespan of an erythrocyte is approximately 120 days.
True
81
T/F If a capillary tube is not plugged, it must be filled with a special clay before centrifugation.
True
82
T/F -B cells produce specific antibodies against a particular antigen
True
83
T/F Lavender topped tubes are used for routine CBC tests.
True
84
T/F -the WBC is lowest in newborns and highest in adults.
False
85
T/F -Increases in the WBC count that are not related to disease are seen in pregnant women and individuals icing extreme stress.
True
86
T/F - the shape of RBCs shows significant variation from normal, the alteration in shape is called thrombocytopenia
False
87
T/F -RBC with normal amounts of hemoglobin is said to be hyperchromic.
False
88
T/F -AST and ALT testing is done to monitor potential liver damage in patients receiving stain drugs.
True
89
What does hematocrit reading indicate?
Total blood volume

Phlebotomy (6 decks)

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