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Phlebotomy > Assisting in the Analysis of Blood > Flashcards

Assisting in the Analysis of Blood Flashcards

1
Q

A group of related proteins that function as antibodies.

  • They are found in plasma and other body fluids.
A

immunoglobulins

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2
Q

a measurement of the percentage of packed RBCs in a volume of blood.
- Normal HET varies with age and general 36%-52%

A

hematocrit

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3
Q

what do lower hematocrit levels indicate?

A

anemia or bleeding

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4
Q

what do higher hematocrit levels indicate?

A

dehydration or polycythemia vera

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5
Q

A disorder characterized by an abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells in the blood.

A

polycythemia vera

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6
Q

A deficiency of hemoglobin in the blood.

  • It is accompanied by a reduced number of red blood cells, pale skin, weakness, and shortness of breath, among other symptoms.
A

anemia

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7
Q

The layer of white blood cells and platelets that separates red blood cells and plasma in a centrifuged sample of whole blood.

A

buffy coat

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8
Q

Helps in the destruction of parasites and fungi

A

Eosinophil

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9
Q

Helps in the destruction of allergens

A

Basophil

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10
Q

Destroy foreign substances by producing antibodies
- B and T cells combined are the second most abundant WBC in the blood, about 20%–40%

A

Lymphocyte

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11
Q

produce specific antibodies against a particular antigen

A

B cells

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12
Q

The oxygen-carrying pigment of red blood cells.

A

hemoglobin

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13
Q

what is the normal hemoglobin range in a female

A

12-16 g/dL

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14
Q

what is the normal hemoglobin range in a male

A

14-18 g/dL

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15
Q

fragments of a larger cell called a megakaryocyte.

  • The smallest of the formed elements in the peripheral blood and assists with blood clotting.
A

Platelets

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16
Q

Plasma is made up of approx. what % of blood volume ?

A

55%

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17
Q

lab test that measures the rate at which RBC’s gradually separate from plasma and settle at the bottom of a calibrated tube in one hour.

  • General indicator/marker for inflammation - ex: RA,lupus,TB
A

ESR

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18
Q

test that measures the time it takes blood to form a fibrin clot

A

PT

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19
Q

higher RBC count causes :

A

Dehydration

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20
Q

performed by hematology

A

H&H: (Hemoglobin & Hematocrit)

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21
Q

Pale red blood cells. Lacking color.

A

hypochromic

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22
Q

The study of the form, shape, and structure of an organism or a cell.

A

morphology

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23
Q

blood test that analyzes the ability of the kidneys to perform their function

A

Blood urea nitrogen BUN

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24
Q

what panel ?
CPX, Troponin I, Troponin T

A

Cardiac panel

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25
Q

what panel ?
TSH, T3, T4

A

Thyroid panel

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26
Q

what panel ?
sodium, potassium, chloride

A

Electrolyte panel

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27
Q

what panel ?
creatine, BUN, Uric acid, glucose

A

Renal panel

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28
Q

what panel ?
ALP, GGT, AST, ALT, LDH

A

Liver panel

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29
Q

HDL, LDL, ratios, glucose

A

Cholestech LDX analyzer

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30
Q

an instrument used to separate blood cells from plasma

A

centrifuge

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31
Q

name used to describe an immature neutrophil

A

band / stab cell

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32
Q

RBC that is larger than normal

A

Macrocytic

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33
Q

Where are all blood cells formed?

A

bone marrow

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34
Q

Thrombocytes are formed elements that assist with __________ in the blood system.

A

clotting

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35
Q

When testing blood, the physician orders a hemoglobin A1C test.
Which diagnosis is the physician trying to confirm?

A

diabetes

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36
Q

The normal hematocrit percentage in a male is:

A

42 to 52%.

37
Q

The normal hematocrit percentage in an infant is:

A

37 to 41%.

38
Q

Low microhematocrit values can indicate:

A

anemia

39
Q

When a patient presents with pain, which test is ordered to diagnose inflammation in the body?

A

ESR

40
Q

Which result is a normal hemoglobin level for a female patient?

A

12 to 16 g/dL

41
Q

What is the optimal level for LDL (low-density lipoprotein) when screening for cholesterol?

A

less than 100 mg/dL

42
Q

Patients with type _____ blood are considered universal donors.

A

O

43
Q

A good wedge smear should cover how much of the slide?

A

½ to ¾ of the slide

44
Q

also described as glycosylated hemoglobin (sugar-coated hemoglobin).

  • Glycosylated hemoglobin is the result of glucose irreversibly binding to the hemoglobin molecules in the RBCs.
A

Hemoglobin A1C

45
Q

what level should Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) be at

A

less than 100 mg/dL.

46
Q

or “diff,” in the CBC is to analyze and count the types of WBCs found in a sample of blood.

  • The differential can be manually performed using a stained blood smear and a microscope, or with an automated instrument.
A

differential

47
Q

Which test is used to determine renal function?

A

Creatinine

48
Q

What do elevated: CPK levels indicate?

A

Possible MI

49
Q

a normal adult WBC count

A

4500 = 11,000

50
Q

Platelets are fragments of a larger cell called a _____

A

megakaryocyte

51
Q

The buffy coat is what color?

A

White

52
Q

Increases in RBC count are found in patients who are _____

A

dehydrated

53
Q

Which component of the complete blood count is not necessary to calculate the red cell indices?

A

Differential

54
Q

A properly prepared wedge smear has blood covering _____

A

½ to 3/4 of the slide.

55
Q

_____ results are an indicator of inflammation in the body.

A

high ESR

56
Q

Which department of the lab performs H&H tests?

A

Hematology

57
Q

A blood test that analyzes the ability of the kidneys to perform their function is the

A

BUN

58
Q

_______ is a component of a cardiac panel

A

Troponin

59
Q

What hormones are detected in a thyroid panel?

A

Thyroxine T4 Triiodothyronine Thyroid Stimulating hormone (TSH)

60
Q

______ is measured to monitor Diabetes

A

Hemoglobin A1

61
Q

HDL transports _____

A

cholesterol

62
Q

Which leukocyte is associated with allergies?

A

Eosinophil

63
Q

T cells and B cells are a subclassification of

A

Lymphocytes

64
Q

Buffy Coat is found in the center of the tube after blood is

A

centrifuged

65
Q

Which test measures the time it takes blood to form a fibrin clot?

A

P7

66
Q

_____ have large, dark, blue-black granules and contain histamine.

A

Basophil

67
Q

If there is no time for the lab to perform a type and cross-match, which blood would be administered?

A

Type O

68
Q

Which test is used for the initial screening of a patient for diabetes type 2?

A

Fasting blood glucose (FBG)

69
Q

_____ are the formed elements in the peripheral blood and is a cell fragment that assists with clotting.

A

Platelets

70
Q

What test may indicate conditions such as acute and chronic infections, RA, TB, Hepatitis, cancer, MM, aner lupus erythematosus?

A

ESR

71
Q

Medical term for higher number of platelets

A

thrombocytosis

72
Q

This instrument used to separate blood cells from plasma?

A

centrifuge

73
Q

A low micro hematocrit is seen in patients with what condition?

A

Anemia

74
Q

______ is a condition that produces an unusually large number of RBC.

A

Polycythemia vera

75
Q

The name used to describe an immature neutrophil?

A

Band or Stab cell

76
Q

Larger than normal RBC is described as ________

A

macrocytic

77
Q

Rh-positive babies born to mothers with Rh-negative blood are at risk of developing ____

A

HDN

78
Q

_______ is a test that determines long-range blood glucose control.

A

Hemoglobin A1C

79
Q

T/F

  • Blood type O is considered the “universal donor” because no anti-A or anti-B are found in plasma.
A

False

80
Q

T/F
The lifespan of an erythrocyte is approximately 120 days.

A

True

81
Q

T/F
If a capillary tube is not plugged, it must be filled with a special clay before centrifugation.

A

True

82
Q

T/F

-B cells produce specific antibodies against a particular antigen

A

True

83
Q

T/F
Lavender topped tubes are used for routine CBC tests.

A

True

84
Q

T/F

-the WBC is lowest in newborns and highest in adults.

A

False

85
Q

T/F

-Increases in the WBC count that are not related to disease are seen in pregnant women and individuals icing extreme stress.

A

True

86
Q

T/F

  • the shape of RBCs shows significant variation from normal, the alteration in shape is called thrombocytopenia
A

False

87
Q

T/F

-RBC with normal amounts of hemoglobin is said to be hyperchromic.

A

False

88
Q

T/F

-AST and ALT testing is done to monitor potential liver damage in patients receiving stain drugs.

A

True

89
Q

What does hematocrit reading indicate?

A

Total blood volume

Phlebotomy (6 decks)

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