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Phlebotomy > Assisting in Blood Collection > Flashcards

Assisting in Blood Collection Flashcards

1
Q

hepat/o

A

liver

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2
Q

coagul/o

A

coagulation or clotting

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3
Q

-otomy

A

the process of cutting

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4
Q

phleb/o

A

vein

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5
Q

-puncture

A

to pierce the surface

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6
Q

syncop/o

A

faint, cut off, cut short

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7
Q

ven/i-

A

vein

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8
Q

-al

A

pertaining to

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9
Q

ante-

A

forward, before

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10
Q

anti-

A

against

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11
Q

cubit/o

A

elbow, forearm

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12
Q

-sepsis

A

infection

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13
Q

hem/o

A

blood

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14
Q

inter-

A

between

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15
Q

-lysis

A

breakdown, separation, destruction

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16
Q

Phlebotomy : is performed primarily to:

A
  • Aid in diagnosing disease
  • Monitor patient’s condition, treatment, or medication levels
  • Document the existing good health of a patient
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17
Q

Blood Borne viruses identified as possible pathogen risks are :

A
  • Hepatitis) B virus (HBV)
  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV)
  • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
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18
Q

Equipment used in routine phlebotomy :

A
  • Personal protective equipment (PPE)
  • Gauze
  • Tourniquets
  • Double pointed safety needles
  • Winged infusion sets (butterfly)
  • Disposable needle holder
  • Evacuated stoppered tubes
  • Sharps container
  • Biohazard waste container
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19
Q

syncope

A

Fainting; a brief lapse of consciousness.

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20
Q

anticoagulants

A

Substances (medications or chemicals) that prevent the clotting of blood.

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21
Q

antiseptic

A

A substance that inhibits the growth of microorganisms on living tissue.
- it is used to cleanse the skin, wounds, and so on.

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22
Q

blood culture

A

A microbiological procedure in which a blood sample is placed in a nutrient medium and held at body temperature.

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23
Q

clot activators

A

Substances added to a venipuncture tube to enhance and speed up blood clotting.

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24
Q

hemoconcentration

A

A condition in which the concentration of blood cells is increased in proportion to the volume of plasma.

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25
Q

nosocomial

A

An infection that is acquired in a healthcare setting.
- Also known as healthcare acquired infections (HAI).

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26
Q

thixotropic gel

A

A chemically neutral gel added to evacuated blood tubes that creates a physical barrier between red blood cells and plasma or serum when the tube is centrifuged.

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27
Q

tourniquet

A

A device for temporarily constricting blood flow.

28
Q

evacuated

A

A tube, flask, or reaction vessel in which a vacuum has been created.

29
Q

plasma

A

The liquid portion of a whole blood sample that has not clotted due to an anticoagulant.

30
Q

serum

A

The liquid portion of a clotted blood specimen that no longer contains its active clotting agents.

31
Q

STAT

A

immediately; at this moment.

32
Q

hematoma

A

An abnormal buildup of blood in an organ or a tissue of the body, caused by a leak or cut in a blood vessel.

33
Q

aspirating

A

To draw off or remove by suction.

34
Q

hemolysis

A

The breakdown of red blood cells with the release of hemoglobin.

35
Q

Bevel

A

One end of the shaft is cut at an angle, which creates a very sharp point

36
Q

Hub

A

designed to attach the needle to the vacuum tube needle holder or a syringe.

37
Q

Evacuated collection tubes

A
  • Color coded stoppers.
  • The colored stoppers indicate the tube contents.
  • They must be shatter resistant glass or plastic
38
Q

Order of draw

A

stop light red. Green light go.

39
Q

Sterile = blood cultures

A

filled first because they are sterile and shouldn’t be contaminated by other tubes

40
Q

Light blue top

A

these tubes contain sodium citrate

41
Q

Red or gold top

A
  • red serum tubes have NO anticoagulants.
  • Gold tubes have a clot activator in them and are filled next.
42
Q

Green top

A

they have plasma in their anticoagulated specimen and are used when STAT results are needed

43
Q

Lavender top

A

they contain EDTA anticoagulants that preserve blood cell morphology.
- Prevents blood from clumping

44
Q

Gray top

A

draw last, the blood is used to test glucose or blood alcohol levels.
- Its additives may elevate electrolyte levels and damage cells if passed into other tubes

45
Q

Routine venipuncture

A

Prep - prepare - perform - complete

46
Q

20 gauge needle is most commonly used for ..

A

most commonly used for adult venipuncture

47
Q

16 gauge needle is most commonly used for ..

A

most commonly used by blood bank for donations

48
Q

23 gauge needle is most commonly used for ..

A

most commonly used for infants and the elderly

49
Q

what angle should the needle enter the arm/vein ?

A

a 15 degree angle

50
Q

a tourniquet should not be allowed on the arm longer than ..

A

1 minute

51
Q

what color tube contains no additives ?

A

red tube

52
Q

what is another name for a winged infusion set ?

A

butterfly

53
Q

Which color is the tube and stopper that is used to collect specimens for serum analysis?

A

red

54
Q

What color tubes are drawn last?

A

gray

55
Q

A gray-top tube is collected for glucose testing but does not contain the required volume of blood. What effect will this have on the result?

A

false

56
Q

Which needle lumen is used for blood bank procedures?

A

16 gauge needle

57
Q

What effect will leaving the tourniquet on “too long” have when performing phlebotomy?

A

hemoconcentration

58
Q

If more than one tube must be drawn during a venipuncture, which tube is drawn first?

A

blood culture tubes

59
Q

Which location is the best site to use for capillary puncture on an infant?

A

the heel

60
Q

Which gauge needle is used most frequently when drawing blood from the antecubital area?

A

21

61
Q

After collecting a blood specimen for serum testing, how long must the sample sit in the rack before it is spun in the centrifuge?

A

30 to 60 minutes

62
Q

When drawing a CBC, INR, and glucose, which is the correct order of draw?

A

blue, lavender, gray

63
Q

hematoma

A

An abnormal buildup of blood in an organ or a tissue of the body, caused by a leak or cut in a blood vessel.

64
Q

Nerve damage

A

can be a consequence of venipuncture, but the risk is very small. Preventive measures include:
* Avoiding the basilic vein for phlebotomy
* Refraining from “blind” probing if the vein is missed with the initial draw

65
Q

Fainting

A

or syncope can be a serious consequence, so the phlebotomist must always be prepared to take action quickly.
- Make eye contact and observe the pt before phlebotomy to evaluate their state.

66
Q

lancet

A

the device used to perform a dermal puncture, which delivers a quick puncture to a preset depth

67
Q

Capillary puncture

A

wipe away the first drop of blood and collect the specimen. It can be collected in : microtainers tubes, capillary tubes, or onto filter paper.
- Use the heel for infants & ring finger or middle finger for adults

Phlebotomy (6 decks)

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