Cardiomyopathies Flashcards
What are the values of normal strain?
-15 to -25%
what are the values of variability for strain?
4-6% longitudinally
10-20% circumferentially
what is negative strain?
myocite shortening
what is positive strain?
myocite lengthening
what are the three classes of cardiomyopathies?
Dilated
Hypertrophic
Restrictive
whate are characteristics of dilated cardiomyopathy?
increased LV volume
decreased EF%
decreased SV and CO
what are characteristics of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
degrees of LVH and or ASH
myofibril disarray and interstitial fibrosis (in the absence of HTN or AS)
diastolic failure first, then systolic failure
what are the characteristics of restrictive cardiomyopathy?
progressive disease of the myocardium symetrically thickened walls speckled appearance of the myocardium LV may be small or normal Biatrial Enlargement (BAE)
Describe the four NYHA Classes of Heart Failure
I. cardiac disease, no symtomology
II. cadiac disease with mild symptoms, slight limitation to activity
III. marked limitation of activity due to symptoms. comfortable at rest
IV. severe limitation of activity. experiences symptoms even while at rest. mostly bed-bound patients.
what is the calculation for Atrial Volume and Atrial Volume Index?
A1xA2/length = LA volume [A1xA2/length]/BSA = LA Volume Index
What is the calculation for MPI?
(A)MV open to MV Closure - (B)Ejection Time/ (B)Ejection Time
A-B/B
What are the grades of MPI?
Left heart
- 39 +/- 0.5 = Normal
- 59 +/- 0.1 = Moderate
- 06 +/- 0.24 = Severe
What are the grades of MPI?
right heart
- 28 +/- 0.24 = Normal (adults)
0. 32 +/- 0.03 = Normal (children)
What are the normal IVCT and IVRT times?
60-90 ms
MS creates a longer IVRT
What are the grades of severity for SAM
10mm = moderate
30% systole (prolonged septal contact) = severe
