Cardiology intro and ICDAS Flashcards
What is the definition of dental caries
localized chemical dissolution of tooth surface caused by acid produced from metabolic actions of cariogenic bacteria present in the biofilm or dental plaque
What are the 6 cariogenic bacteria (list the two most cariogenic bacteria 1st)
- Streptococcus mutans
- Streptococcus sobrinus
- Streptococcus sanguis
- Streptococcus salivarius
- Lactobacillus
- Actinomyces
What are the 4 components of a biofilm
- bacteria
- their by-product
- extracellular matrix
- water
Stages of biofilm formation
-Pellicle made by salivary glycoproteins- helps bacteria stick (30 min-1hr)
-Streptococcus colonizes (12hr-1day)
-Filamentous bacteria form on top of Streptococci (1-3 days)
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Within __ days of plaque formation does metabolic acid begin to break dow the teeth
2 days
According to Keye’s triad what are the 3 major factors that cause caries
- Host (teeth)
- Substrate (sugar)
- Microflora (bacteria)
Who modified Keye’s triad model to include factors such as education, socioeonomic status, salivary flow, buffering capacity, sugar clearance rate, etc
Ferjerskov and Manj
According the Ferjerskov and Manj model an increase in salivary flow (increase/decreases) caries because….
decreases because it will wash away metabolic bacterial acid
According the Ferjerskov and Manj model a decrease in buffering capacity (increase/decreases) caries because….
increases caries because the acid will not be neutralized
According the Ferjerskov and Manj model an increase in sugar clearance rate (increase/decreases) caries because….
decreases caries because it will deprive the bacteria of nutrients and they will die
Fiber Optic Transillumination (FOTI) is what kind of test?
Detects caries
How does FOTI work?
Visible light (white) is transmitted through contact points of the adjacent tooth at 45 degrees –> shadow indicates caries
What is one tool you can use to better diagnose inter proximal caries
orthodontic elastic separators
Caries are (radiolucent/radiopaque)
radiolucent (dark)
The ICDAS system uses how many numbers? What does each number mean?
2…First number= presence of restoration or sealant. The second number stages the stage of the caries extension
What does each number represent for the 1st number in ICDAS?
0=Not restored or sealed 1=Partial sealant 2=Full sealant 3=Tooth colored restoration 4=Amalgam restoration 5=Stainless steel crown 6=Metal or ceramic crown 7=Lost/fractured restoration 8=Provisional restoration
What does each number represent for the 2nd number in ICDAS?
0=No caries after 5 sec drying
1=change in enamel only seen after drying
2=Visual change in enamel seen both wet and dry
3=Localized enamel breakdown with no visible dentin
4=Dentinal shadows (gray, brown, blue)
5= Cavity with visible dentin less than half of tooth surface
6=Visible dentin with more than 1/2 of the tooth surface
Know the Blacks caries classification system
ok
What are the 4 groups in the ADA caries classification system
- Sound-No cavity
- Initial- mild demineralization
- Moderate- visible signs of enamel breakdown
- Advanced- Enamel fully cavitated dentin exposed
Sound is equivalent to the ICDAS #
0
Initial is the equivalent of the ICDAS #s
1 and 2
Moderate is the equivalent of the ICDAS #s
3 and 4
Advanced is the equivalent of the ICDAS #s
5 and 6
