Cardiology intro and ICDAS

Question 1

What is the definition of dental caries

Answer 1

localized chemical dissolution of tooth surface caused by acid produced from metabolic actions of cariogenic bacteria present in the biofilm or dental plaque

Question 2

What are the 6 cariogenic bacteria (list the two most cariogenic bacteria 1st)

Answer 2

• Streptococcus mutans
• Streptococcus sobrinus
• Streptococcus sanguis
• Streptococcus salivarius
• Lactobacillus
• Actinomyces

Question 3

What are the 4 components of a biofilm

Answer 3

• bacteria
• their by-product
• extracellular matrix
• water

Question 4

Stages of biofilm formation

Answer 4

-Pellicle made by salivary glycoproteins- helps bacteria stick (30 min-1hr)
-Streptococcus colonizes (12hr-1day)
-Filamentous bacteria form on top of Streptococci (1-3 days)
-

Question 5

Within __ days of plaque formation does metabolic acid begin to break dow the teeth

Answer 5

2 days

Question 6

According to Keye’s triad what are the 3 major factors that cause caries

Answer 6

• Host (teeth)
• Substrate (sugar)
• Microflora (bacteria)

Question 7

Who modified Keye’s triad model to include factors such as education, socioeonomic status, salivary flow, buffering capacity, sugar clearance rate, etc

Answer 7

Ferjerskov and Manj

Question 8

According the Ferjerskov and Manj model an increase in salivary flow (increase/decreases) caries because….

Answer 8

decreases because it will wash away metabolic bacterial acid

Question 9

According the Ferjerskov and Manj model a decrease in buffering capacity (increase/decreases) caries because….

Answer 9

increases caries because the acid will not be neutralized

Question 10

According the Ferjerskov and Manj model an increase in sugar clearance rate (increase/decreases) caries because….

Answer 10

decreases caries because it will deprive the bacteria of nutrients and they will die

Question 11

Fiber Optic Transillumination (FOTI) is what kind of test?

Answer 11

Detects caries

Question 12

How does FOTI work?

Answer 12

Visible light (white) is transmitted through contact points of the adjacent tooth at 45 degrees –> shadow indicates caries

Question 13

What is one tool you can use to better diagnose inter proximal caries

Answer 13

orthodontic elastic separators

Question 14

Caries are (radiolucent/radiopaque)

Answer 14

radiolucent (dark)

Question 15

The ICDAS system uses how many numbers? What does each number mean?

Answer 15

2…First number= presence of restoration or sealant. The second number stages the stage of the caries extension

Question 16

What does each number represent for the 1st number in ICDAS?

Answer 16

0=Not restored or sealed 
1=Partial sealant 
2=Full sealant 
3=Tooth colored restoration 
4=Amalgam restoration 
5=Stainless steel crown 
6=Metal or ceramic crown 
7=Lost/fractured restoration 
8=Provisional restoration

Question 17

What does each number represent for the 2nd number in ICDAS?

Answer 17

0=No caries after 5 sec drying
1=change in enamel only seen after drying
2=Visual change in enamel seen both wet and dry
3=Localized enamel breakdown with no visible dentin
4=Dentinal shadows (gray, brown, blue)
5= Cavity with visible dentin less than half of tooth surface
6=Visible dentin with more than 1/2 of the tooth surface

Question 18

Know the Blacks caries classification system

Answer 18

ok

Question 19

What are the 4 groups in the ADA caries classification system

Answer 19

• Sound-No cavity
• Initial- mild demineralization
• Moderate- visible signs of enamel breakdown
• Advanced- Enamel fully cavitated dentin exposed

Question 20

Sound is equivalent to the ICDAS #

Answer 20

0

Question 21

Initial is the equivalent of the ICDAS #s

Answer 21

1 and 2

Question 22

Moderate is the equivalent of the ICDAS #s

Answer 22

3 and 4

Question 23

Advanced is the equivalent of the ICDAS #s

Answer 23

5 and 6