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Direct/Cariology > 2. Amalgam Finishing and Polishing > Flashcards

2. Amalgam Finishing and Polishing Flashcards

1
Q

How is finishing a restoration performed?

A

by primarily evaluating the restoration for any flaw and make necessary modifications if needed

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2
Q

When should finishing be done

A

the day the restoration is placed

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3
Q

(T/F) Finishing is commonly performed with hand and rotary instruments

A

t

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4
Q

Define polishing a restoration

A

smoothing the surface to a point of high glosser luster

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5
Q

Does polishing an amalgam restoration pose a clinical advantage with a high copper amalgam except for having a smoother surface that is more comfortable to the patient

A

no- clinical outcome is the same

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6
Q

(t/f) A finished restoration should be smooth and have no overhanging margins

A

t

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7
Q

What are the 3 purposes of finishing

A

Ensure that

  • There is no uneven area between the amalgam and restoration margin and the cavity prep wall
  • Contour and occlusion are correct
  • Smooth restoration
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8
Q

What is the purpose of polishing

A

to achieve high smoothness for the comfort of the patient

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9
Q

Why is it that polishing will not enhance the clinical outcome of a high copper amalgam if it is finished well

A

Because the high copper amalgams are less susceptible to corrosion (elimination of the gamma II phase)

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10
Q

Polishing should be done how long after finishing the restoration

A

24 hrs

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11
Q

Why wait 24 hrs to polish a restoration

A

this is how long it takes for amalgam to fully set

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12
Q

What two techniques may serve as substitutes to polishing

A

pre-carve burnishing and post-carve burnishing

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13
Q

Should the restoration be smooth after finishing before polishing?

A

Yes

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14
Q

Why is condensation of amalgam so important

A

because you don’t want gaps/voids in the restoration. Condensing will allow the amalgam to adapt to the prep walls and the matrix (when used) to be free of voids

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15
Q

Voids/gaps in the restoration can lead to…

A

marginal leakage

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16
Q

Proper condensation of amalgam offers what benefits (4)

A
  • prevents marginal leakage
  • reduces excess mercury content (thus leading to a reduction in corrosion, increase in strength, and increase in marginal integrity)
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17
Q

The little condenser is used (when) and a large condenser is used (when)

A
  • Little= when finishing the restoration

- Large= when overpacking the restoration

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18
Q

(T/F): You don’t need to condense each increment of amalgam separately

A

f

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19
Q

Describe the pattern of condensing strokes you should take

A

-Each stroke should overlap the previous to make sure the amalgam is well adapted

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20
Q

By how much should the restoration be overpacked by

A

1 mm

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21
Q

Why do you overpack a restoration

A

to ensure the cave-surface margins are completely covered with well condensed amalgam (don’t want an under contoured restoration as well)

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22
Q

How long should condensing take

A

2.5-3.5 minutes

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23
Q

What should you do if you want to use more amalgam be it has already began to set in the well

A

-Quickly mix a new amalgam because it will not react well with the amalgam that has already been condensed because it has began crystalizing

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24
Q

Condensing should be done with (heavy/light) pressure

A

heavy

25
Q

Knowing the amount of pressure that needs to be used to condense the amalgam is determined by two factors which are…

A
  • diameter of the condenser

- type of amalgam

26
Q

Spherical amalgam requires a (large/small) condenser… why?

A

large because using a small condenser will penetrate a mass of spherical amalgam and that will cause less effective force to adapt the amalgam to the walls

27
Q

Admix amalgams require (large/small) condensers and why

A

small because the material is more resistant to condensation pressure

28
Q

The smaller the condenser the (more/less) force needs to be applied…. if you double the diameter of the condenser the amount of force needed to attain the same amount of pressure is _ times as (great/less)

A

less…4x great

29
Q

What should you do to ensure the amalgam is well condensed before carving

A

Pre-carve burnishing: burnish immediately with a large burnisher with heavy strokes both MD and BL

30
Q

The purpose of pre-carve burnishing is…

A

ensure denser amalgam at the margin and bring out excess mercury and increase the marginal adaptation of the restoration

31
Q

To maximize the efficacy of pre-carve burnishing what should you do

A

make sure the head of the burnisher is large enough so that the head touches the cusp slopes but not the margin for the final strokes.

32
Q

What are the names of the hand instruments that are used to carve amalgam

A
  • cleoid/discoid
  • Walls no. 3 carver
  • Hollenback
  • Interproximal carver (IPC)
  • No. 14L sickle-shaped carver
33
Q

During carving the edge of the blade must be _ to the margin of the prep

A

perpendicular

34
Q

Why is it important to keep part of the edge of the blade of the instrument on the unprepared tooth when carving

A

prevents overcharging and continues continuity of restoration

35
Q

The carver should be pulled in what direction when carving

A

parallel to the margin of the prep (stroke should be from enamel to amalgam)

36
Q

(T/F) you want to the tooth and amalgam surfaces to be even (no step down)

A

t

37
Q

Why is having flash bad?

A

because it is a thin piece of amalgam that will chip away and damage the margin making it more prone to marginal leakage

38
Q

What should the margin of the prep mimic

A

the cavosurface margin

39
Q

what is post-carving burnishing

A

the light rubbing of the surface of a carved amalgam restoration with a burnisher (PKT3 burnisher)

40
Q

Post carve burnishing should be done with a (large/small) burnisher

A

small

41
Q

(T/F) Post carving burnishing produces a smoother and shinier restoration surface

A

f- smoother but NOT shinier

42
Q

When should the dentist perform the finishing step of the restoration

A

the same day of the restoration

43
Q

What does the finishing step consist of

A

checking occlusion and evaluating margins with an explorer

44
Q

A heavy contact with occlusion paper looks like

A

A dark circle with a shiny center

45
Q

(T/F) new amalgam shouldn’t have any heavy contact points

A

T- they should have light contacts

46
Q

Carbide burs, white alumina stone and green carborundum stone are for (finishing/polishing)

A

finishing

47
Q

Which is more abrasive the green carborundum or the white alumina

A

green carborundum

48
Q

The long axis of the stone should be _ to the margin of the restoration when finishing

A

perpendicular

49
Q

Why are the ends of finishing burs/stones rounded

A

prevent the destruction of occlusal anatomy that was created when carving

50
Q

Since the surface must be smooth before it is polished, if the restoration has many irregularities, what can you do

A

use wet pumice and prophy cups as a pre-polishing step followed by tin-oxide and water or alcohol for high luster

51
Q

What are the disadvantages of using the pumice for pre-polishing

A

splatter

52
Q

What are the names of the two “burs” in our kits that can be used for both finishing and polishing

A
  • brownie

- mini greenie

53
Q

What are the names of the carbide burs we have for finishing

A
  • Bullet
  • Neumeyer
  • Egg
  • Long pear
54
Q

The son-lex discs are good for finishing/polishing _ surfaces

A

convex

55
Q

The abrasive impregnated polishing cups and tips can be used for polishing what kinds of surfaces

A

convex surfaces such as cusp tips (cups) and occlusal surfaces (tips)

56
Q

(T/F) there shouldn’t be any stretches on the amalgam when you get to the rubber cups/tips

A

t

57
Q

Rubber points and cups need to be used at (low/high) speed with coolant

A

low

58
Q

Why is it important that the rubber points don’t overheat the amalgam restoration

A
  • Rubber points disintegrate at high speeds
  • Overheating the restoration can lead to plural damage
  • Generation of heat brings liquid mercury to the surface causing excessive volatilization of mercury and weaker amalgam surface and increasing the likelihood of corrosion.

Direct/Cariology (20 decks)

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