Cardiology Flashcards
What are the three layers of the heart?
Epicardium
Myocardium
Endocardium
What artery supplies the left atria?
left circumflex
What artery supplies the right atria?
right coronary
what does automaticity mean?
if left without input a single cardiac cell will contract rhythmically at a steady rate
What does excitability mean?
refers to the ease with ehich cardiac cells indergo a series of events.
What does conductivity mean?
the intrinsic ability of the cardiac cells to conduct electrical impulses.
what does contractility mean?
the ability for the heart uscle to contract to a given length.
What is normal stroke volume?
60-130 cc’s per beat in the average adult
What is “MAP”?
mean arterial pressure
How do you calculate a “map”
{(2x diastolic)+ systolic} / 3
What does the OLDCAAAR mnemonic stand for?
Onset Location Duration Character Activity Aggravating factors Alleviating factore Radiation
What is the most common presenting complain in elderly patients with Acute Coronary symtoms?
Dyspnea
What is a “True aneurysm”?
a aneurysm that involves all three layers of the blood vessal.
What is a “False aneurysm”?
an aneurysm contained by the 2 outer layer of the blood vessal wall and clot.
What is a “Dissection”?
seperation of the vessel wall which allows blood to leak between the layers of the vessal.
What is the highest risk factor of Aortic Dissection?
Hypertention
what should be the heart rate and blood pressure of someone with a arotic dissection?
pulse 60-80 beats per min
Blood pressure 100-120 systolic
What is a Hypertensive Urgency?
increased blood pressure but no damage to the bodys organs.
What is a hypertensive Emergency?
When organ damage occurs as a result of the hypertention.
What is left sided heart failure?
Fluid and blood back up into the lungs
What is right sided heart failure?
Fluid and blood back up into the systemic circulation ( legs, feet and abdomen)
What are the 3 factors that MI severity is based on?
level of occlusion in the coronary artery
The lenght of time of the occlusion
The presemce of collateral circulation
List 4 people who are at risk for “SILENT MI’S”.
Diabetic
Smokers
post-heart transplant
elderly
diagnosis of an acute MI happens when what 3 criteria are met?
chest pain lasting longer than 20 min
change in serial EKG tracing
rise and fall of the serum Troponin levels
