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Internal Medicine > Cardiology > Flashcards

Cardiology Flashcards

1
Q

Why chech Blood Pressure with Nitro?

A
  • Hold if Systolic Blood Pressure 20mmHg below baseline, the nurse should remove the ointment and report finding to the physical.
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2
Q

Pentoxifylline (Trental)

A

Is a hermorrheologic agent that improves blood flow by decreasing blood viscosity and is used to treat intermittent claudication. A hemostatic agent is used to stop excessive bleeding. A tissue plasminogen activator is used in early management of acute myocardial infarction. A thrombolytic agent is prescribed to dissolve clots and other substances in thrombi and emboli.

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3
Q

In a conscious ventricular tachycardia client, … is given to correct Heart Rate.

A

Lidocaine (Xylocaine) 75 mg IV push.

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4
Q

Clients undergoing PTCA (Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty) receive abciximab (ReoPro) to …

A

Inhibit platelet aggregation and thereby reduce cardiac ischemic complications.

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5
Q

Mitral stenosis

A

Diastolic, rumbling, low-pitched murmur heard at the apex.

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6
Q

Mitral insufficiency

A

A pansystolic, blowing, hi-pitched murmur.

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7
Q

Aortic insufficiency

A
  • systolic, harsh, crescent-decrescent murmur.

- A diastolic, blowing decrescent murmur.

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8
Q

Decadron (Dexamethasone)

A

Decrease cerebral edema.

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9
Q

Aldomet (Methyldopa)

A

Decrease Blood Pressure.

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10
Q

Phenytoin (dilantin)

A

Prevent seizures.

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11
Q

Propranolol Adverse Effects

A

N/V depression, fatigue and impotence.

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12
Q

Morphine Adverse Effects

A

N/V sedation, constipation, respiratory depression.

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13
Q

Nifedine Adverse Effects

A

Flushing, dizziness, HA, pedal edema.

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14
Q

For Myocardium Infartation (MI), must be started …

A

A thrombolytic agent must be started within 3-6 hrs of chest pain onset, and continued for 5-7 days.

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15
Q

Dopamine at low and High doses activates …

A

At low doses activate dopaminergic receptor sites at high doses it activates Alpha and Beta-1 receptor sites.

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16
Q

Dopamine Increases

A

Myocardial contractility and cardiac output, without changing heart rate, by signaling through dopamine receptors.

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17
Q

A cholinergic blocking agent may delay …

A

The sublingual absorption of nitro because of dry mouth. RN to offer sips of water before administering Nitro.

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18
Q

Amantadine (Symmetrel) and Digoxin (Lanoxin) enhance …

A

The effects of anticholinergic agents.

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19
Q

Thrombin

A

Is a hemostatic agent used to control local bleeding.

20
Q

Plasma protein fraction a blood derivative supplies colloids to the blood and expands plasma volume is used to …

A

To treat clients in shock.

21
Q

On a 12-lead ECG, leads V1 and V2 record electric events on …

A

The anterior surf of the Right ventricle and the anterior surf of the left ventricle.

22
Q

On a 12-lead ECG, leads V3 and V4 record electrical events…

A

In the septal region of the left ventricle.

23
Q

On a 12-lead ECG, leads I, aVL, V5, V6 record electrical events …

A

On the lateral surface of the left ventricle.

24
Q

On a 12-lead ECG, Leads II, II, aVF record electrical events …

A

On the inferior surface of the left ventricle.

25
Q

Beta-1 receptors sites are located in …

A

The heart.

26
Q

Beta-2 receptors sites are located in …

A

In the uterus, blood vessels and bronchi.

27
Q

During the 1st week after an Miocardium Infartation (MI), RN should stay alert for a …

A

Pericardial friction rub.

28
Q

Graham Steells Murmur

A

Is a high pitched blowing murmur with a decrescent pattern heard during diastole.

29
Q

Graham Steells Murmur indicates …

A

Pulmonary insufficiency, such as from pulmonary HTN or a congenital pulmonary valve defect.

30
Q

An ejection click associated with mitral valve prolapse or a rigid calcified aortic valve causes a …

A

High pitched sound during systole.

31
Q

Lidocaine (Xylocaine) 75mg IV push is used for …

A

frequents Premature Ventricular Contractions (PVCs).

32
Q

Procainamide (Pronestyl) used for …

A

Atrial Fibrillation.

33
Q

Lidocaine (Xylocaine) toxicity signs and symptoms …

A

Confusion and restlessness.

34
Q

During Digoxin (Lanoxin) therapy monitor …

A

K and Mg levels.

35
Q

Can predispose client to digitalis toxicity …

A

Low levels of K and Mg.

36
Q

Signs and symptoms of digitalis toxicity …

A

Cardiac Arrhythmias.

37
Q

Do not administer Digoxin with meals, because …

A

It slows the absorption rate.

38
Q

Rhombergs test assesses …

A

cerebellar function.

39
Q

Phalens test …

A

carpal tunnel syndrome.

40
Q

Rinne test …

A

Air and bone conduction in both ears to screen for/confirm hearing loss.

41
Q

Atropine Sulfate for Bradycardia …

A

Is administered IV, not IM. 0.4 – 1 mg q2h is norm.

42
Q

Arterial baroreceptors are found in …

A

The aorta, carotid sinus and left ventricle wall.

43
Q

A client with Heart Failure should limit H2O intake when taking …

A

Flecainide (Tambocor).

44
Q

Cardiac tamponade client has fluid surrounding the heart which suppresses

A

The amplitude of the QRS complexes on an ECG.

45
Q

A fixed S2 split is …

A

The hallmark of atrial septal defect.

It is continuous and doesn’t vary with respirations and results from prolonged emptying of the R ventricle.

Internal Medicine (7 decks)

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