Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NPTE FINAL PREP > Cardio_Comp > Flashcards

Cardio_Comp Flashcards

1
Q

Sputum Quality/Color [per Scorebuilders]

- Frothy

A

Pulmonary Edema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Sputum Quality/Color [per Scorebuilders]

- Mucoid

A

Asthma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Sputum Quality/Color [per Scorebuilders]

- Purulent

A

Lung Abscess

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Sputum Quality/Color [per Scorebuilders]

- Blood-tinged

A

Tuberculosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Breath sounds and Fremitus conditions [per Scorebuiders

- Decreased breath sounds; decreased fremitus

A

Pleural Effusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Breath sounds and Fremitus conditions [per Scorebuiders

- Decreased breath sounds; increased fremitus

A
  • Atelectasis
  • Consolidation
  • Pulmonary Edema
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Medication side effects:

  • Increased blood pressure (secondary to sodium and water retention)
  • Mood changes, Visual changes, rapid weight gain
A

Corticosteroids

- e.g. Methylprednisolone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Medications:

  • Increase the force and velocity of myocardial contraction
  • slow heart rate
  • decrease conduction velocity through the AV node (resulting in prolonged p-r interval)
  • decrease degree of activation of the sympathetic nervous system
A 
Positive Inotropic Agents
- Indications:
-- Heart Failure
-- Atrial Fibrillation
Examples:
- Digoxin, Lanoxin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Medication side effects:

  • Cardiac arrhyhmias
  • GI distress
  • Dizziness
  • Blurred vision
  • Bradycardia
  • bloody/tarry stools
  • Halos
A

Positive Inotropic Agents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Hematocrit Ranges for males:

A

39% - 46%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

WBC count range:

A

3.5 - 9.1 (times 10x3/mmx3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Platelet count range

A

165,000 - 415,000

- Less than 50,000 indicates thrombocytopenic precautions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Hemoglobin range (males)

A

13.3 - 16.2 gm/dL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Rapid heartrate (rapid atrial tachycardia 250-350bpm), REGULAR rhythm, sawtooth P waves

A

ATRIAL FLUTTER

- Atrial fibrillation is similar, but with irregular rhythm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Normal ejection fraction:

A

55% - 70%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Acute care line function:

  1. Measures arterial blood pressure in real time
  2. Obtain samples for arterial blood gas analysis
A

Arterial line

  • Typically inserted into the radial or brachial arteries in the UE’s
  • Typically inserted into the femoral, posterior tibial or dorsal pedal artery in the LE’s.
17
Q

FEV(1)/FVC ratio “normal” (i.e. between 80%-90%)

A

Normal with RESTRICTIVE LUNG DISEASE

- i.e. idiopathic pulmonary fibrosus

18
Q

FEV(1)/FVC ratio less than 70%

A

Less than 70% with OBSTRUCTIVE LUNG DISEASE

  • i.e:
    • Cystic Fibrosis
    • Chronic Bronchitis
    • Emphysema
19
Q

Probability of obtaining a negative test among individuals without the disease (true negatives)

A

Specificity

20
Q

Probability of obtaining a positive test among individuals with the disease (true positives)

A

Sensitivity

21
Q

Postural Drainage:

- Patient in supine with foot of bed elevated 18”. Percussion applied over the lower ribs on the left and right sides

A

Anterior Basal Segments of the L/R lower lobes

22
Q

Postural Drainage:

- Prone, with two pillows under the hips. Percussion applied below the inferior border of the left and right scapulae

A

Superior Segments of the L/R lower lobes

23
Q

Cardiac Rehab Phase 1 limitations [per Scorebuilders]

A
  • HR no greater than 130bpm
  • HR no greater than 20 bpm above resting HR (for MI patients) or 30bpm (for post-surgical)
  • No greater than 10mmHg decrease in systolic BP
  • Diastolic BP no greater than 110mmHg
24
Q

Borg RPE of 11-12 corresponds to:

A

Fairly light

- approx 60% of heart rate range

25
Q

Borg RPE of 13-14 corresponds to:

A

Somewhat hard

- approx 70% of heart rate range

26
Q

Borg RPE of 16 corresponds to:

A

Very hard

- approx 85% of the heart rate range

27
Q

Oxygen concentration increases by approx ____% per 1L/min increase in supplemental O2.

A

4%

  • must add this to base room air percentage of 21%
  • e.g. if nasal cannula at 3L/min, then:
    • 21% (room air) + 12% (3L at 4% ea.) = 33%
28
Q

Acute Care Line Function:

  1. Deliver chemotherapy
  2. Withdrawal of blood for analysis
  3. Monitoring central venous pressure
A

Hickman Catheter

  • Also called central venous catheter or central venous line
  • Inserted in the jugular vein or other large vein and advanced to the superior vena cava.
29
Q

Continuous low pitched sounds having a snoring or gurgling quality [Scorebuilders]

A

Rhonchi

- Caused by air passing through an airway obstructed by inflammatory secretions, liquids, bronchial spasm or neoplasms

30
Q

Low frequency sound of turbulence heard during early diastole

A

S3

- Abnormal sound due to poor ventricular compliance and turbulence

31
Q

Low frequency sound hear during late-diastole

A

S4

- Due to exaggerated atrial contraction and subsequent turbulence

32
Q

Hemodynamic response to beta-adrenergic blocking agents during exercise (2 components)

A

Heart rate low at rest and minimal rise (blunted rise) during exercise

33
Q

Claudication Scale:

- Minimal discomfort or pain

A

Grade I

34
Q

Claudication Scale:

- Moderate discomfort or pain; patient’s attention can be diverted

A

Grade II

35
Q

Claudication Scale:

- Intense pain; patient’s attention cannot be diverted

A

Grade III

36
Q

Claudication Scale:

- Excruciating and unbearable pain

A

Grade IV

37
Q

Acute Care Line: [Dr. Kyle Rice Cheat Sheet]

  • Long thin tube with a balloon tip on the end typically inserted into the right side of the heart.
  • Function:
    1. Monitor pulmonary artery pressure
    2. Measure effectiveness of cardiovascular medications
    3. Diagnose right heart failure
    4. Measure right ventricular filling pressure
A

Swan-Ganz Catheter (PAC)

  • Also known as the pulmonary artery catheter
  • Most commonly used with:
    1. Heart failure
    2. Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
    3. Heart Function Post-MI
    4. Cardiomyopathy

NPTE FINAL PREP (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions