Cardio Rehab Beast 1 remix

Question 1

Blood flow through heart

Answer 1

Superior Vena cava
Right Atrium
Tricuspid Valve
Right Ventricle
Pulmonary Valve
Pulmonary Artery
Lungs
Left Atrium
Left Ventricle
Aorta
Rest of body

Question 2

Cardiac Output

Answer 2

Amount of blood pumped through the ventricles per minute

Stroke volume x HR

Question 3

Stroke Volume

Answer 3

The volume of blood ejected with each contraction of the heart

Question 4

Path of Normal Sinus Rhythm

Answer 4

Sinus Node
Atria
A-V node
Bundle of His
Purkinje fibers
Septum
Ventricles

Question 5

P Wave

Answer 5

Sinus node and atrial depolarization

Question 6

PR segment

Answer 6

Conduction through the AV node

Question 7

QRS complex

Answer 7

Electrical Flow through ventricles»>Ventricular depolarization

Question 8

ST segment

Answer 8

Initiation of ventricular repolarization

Question 9

T wave

Answer 9

Completion of Ventricular repolarization

Question 10

MVO2

Answer 10

HR x Systolic BP

Question 11

HTN is persistent elevation of

Answer 11

Systolic BP> 140 mmHG or

Diastolic BP> 90 mmHG

Question 12

Dont begin if resting BP is

Answer 12

Systolic>170-180

Diastolic>90

Question 13

Primary HTN

Answer 13

no known cause

Question 14

Secondary nonessential HTN

Answer 14

caused by a identifiable medical problem

Question 15

Variant or Prinzmental angina

Answer 15

vasospasm of coronary artery in absence of occlusive disease

calcium channel blockers

Question 16

Most common cause of an MI

Answer 16

Atherosclerosis

Question 17

Complicated MI

Answer 17

ischemia left ventricle failure

post MI period

Question 18

Cardiogenic shock

Answer 18

extreme complication after an MI

left ventricle failure leads to inadequate cardiac output and insufficient arterial BP to perfuse major organs

MENTAL CONFUSION

Question 19

Levine sign

Answer 19

clenching fist on sternum

occurs with angina

Question 20

Beta blockers (lol)

Answer 20

Decrease HR, contractility and BP

Decrease energy deman

Question 21

Calcium Channel Blockers (pine)

Answer 21

Decrease BP

Increase myocardial blood supply

Question 22

Nitrates

Answer 22

Vasodilator decreases preload and afterload

Decreases BP

Question 23

Vasodilatory, ACE Inhibitors, angiostensin II blockers, alpha adrenergic blockers

Answer 23

Decrease BP

Effect on HR varies

Question 24

Nicotine

Answer 24

Increase BP

possible increase HR

Question 25

Most common cause of heart failure

Answer 25

Cardiac muscle dysfunction Altered Systolic and or diastolic activity

Question 26

Left sided heart failure

Answer 26

reduced cardiac output leads to backup of fluid in left atrium and lungs SOB and cough

Question 27

Right sided Heart Failure

Answer 27

Blood is not ejected from right ventricle and backs up into the right atrium and venous vasculature Jugular venous distention Peripheral Edema

Question 28

Pulmonary Edema flow

Answer 28

Cardiac muscle dysfunction Ventricle is ejecting low blood volume blood accumulates within the ventricle and causes congestion LV pressure increases and causes an increase in pressure in the LA and pulmonary veins increase in hydrostatic pressure in pulmonary veins causes fluid to move from veins to the interstitial space of the lungs

Question 29

2 goals of CHF pharma

Answer 29

increase pumping ability (contractility) decrease workload by reducing total volume of fluid (preload) or vascular resistance (afterload)

Question 30

Pharma meds

Answer 30

Digoxin: increase contractility ACE inhibitors: afterload reducer Diuretics: preload reducer

Question 31

Stenosis

Answer 31

Narrowing of heart valve chamber behind valve will hypertrophy

Question 32

Prolapse

Answer 32

Heart valve cusps behind enlarged and floppy...bulges backward progression is regurgitation

Question 33

Regurgitation

Answer 33

forward/backward movement valve doesnt close completely blood flows back behind valve

Question 34

Inflammatory conditions

Answer 34

myocarditis pericarditis endocarditis rheumatic fever

Question 35

ectopic beats

Answer 35

beat originates from site other than sinus node irregular rhythm

Question 36

supraventricular ectopy

Answer 36

rapid firing of ectopic focus above the ventricles

Question 37

Ventricular ectopy

Answer 37

premature ventricular contractions less than 6per minute benign more than 6 STOP PT

Question 38

Ventricular tachycardia

Answer 38

4 or more PVCs in a row

Question 39

sustained V-tach

Answer 39

HR > 100bpm | and lasts for >30 30 seconds

Question 40

Ventricular fibrillation

Answer 40

quivering of ventricles due to inadequate stimulation insufficient cardiac output could need implantable cardiac defibrillator

Question 41

Atrial Fibrillation

Answer 41

quivering of atria due to inadequate electrical stimulation