Cardio-Heart Failure Flashcards
Most common cause of sytolic dysfunction that leads to L-sided HF
Coronary artery disease
Most common cause of diastolic dysfunction that leads to L-sided HF
Concentric LVH due to HPN
Most common cause of R-sided HF
L-sided HF
Earliest cardinal symptom of L-sided HF
Dyspnea
Earliest cardinal sign of L-sided HF
L-sided S3
Most sensitive index of cardiac function
Ejection fraction
Single most important bedside measurement to estimate volume status
JVP(internal jugular vein is preferred)
Cardinal symptoms of HF
Fatigue and shortness of breath
Most important mechanism of dyspnea in HF
Pulmonary cogestion with accumulation of interstitial or intra-alveolar fluid, which activates juxtacapillary J receptors
Cornerstones of modern therapy for HF with a depressed EF
ACE-I/ARBS and Beta Blockers
Most common reason for rehospitalization in HF
Failure to meet criteria for discharge
Gold standard for imaging valve morphology/motion, detection of pericardial effusion and tamponade, and assessment of LV cavity size, systolic function, & wall thickness
2D echocardiography
Gold standard for assessing LV mass/volumes
Cardiac MRI
Gold standard in assessing anatomy & physiology of the heart & associated vasculature
Cardiac catheterization and coronary angiography
