cardio and respiratory

Question 1

when do we hear S1 heart sound

Answer 1

closure of mitral and tricuspid valve

Question 2

when do we hear S2 heart sound

Answer 2

closure of aortic and pulmonary valve

Question 3

when do we hear S3 heart sound

Answer 3

congestive cardiac failure
due to rapid filling and expansion of ventricles
early diastole

Question 4

when do we hear S4 heart sound

Answer 4

systemic hypertension, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, ischemia
atrial hypertrophy/ stiff ventricles
late diastole
due to forcegul atrial contractions

Question 5

what are some congenital structural heart diseases

Answer 5

atrial septal defect
ventricular septal defect
coarctation fo aorta
patent foramen ovale
tetralogy of fallot
patent ductus arteriosus

Question 6

what are types of valvular defects (4)

Answer 6

aortic stenosis
aortic regurgitation
mitral stenosis
mitral regurgitation