Cardiac Response to Exercise Flashcards
________ blood is pumped from the heart, _______ blood is pumped back to the heart
oxygenated
deoxygenated
Cardiac output =
HR x SV
What is the primary driver of cardiac output?
HR
More beats per minute =
more blood
What does increase in SV mean?
more blood per pump by allowing more blood into the chambers
what does nitric oxide do?
relaxes and widens blood vessels
Explain HR differences between an elite, trained, and untrained individual
untrained HR spikes quickly
elite takes longer to raise HR
trained is somewhere in the middle
explain SV differences between an elite, trained, and untrained individual
untrained individual plateaus at max SV quickly
elite takes a long time to reach max SV and plateau
trained somewhere in the middle
Explain differences in elite, trained, and untrained individuals in VO2max
elites have a higher VO2 max and take a long time to reach it. opposite for untrained. trained somewhere in the middle
how does endurance training affect left ventricular hypertrophy
- increase mass and wall thickness
- increase end diastolic volume
- increase diastolic suctino of LA to LV
- SV increases more in trained than sedantary
how does resistance training affect left ventricular hypertrophy
- increase mass and wall thickness
- no change in end diastolic volume
how does endurance change right ventricular hypertrophy
- similar to LV with increased mass and volume
how does resistance training affect right ventricular hypertrophy
- unclear with limited and inconsistent data
Arteries have _____ perfusion, ________ wall thickness, and _______ lumen diameter
more
decreased
increased
*HTN would be opposite with decreased lumen diameter, increased thickness, and increased resistance
