Bone and Cartilage Flashcards
Hard bone forms when ___________- deposit calcium phosphate crystals in the matrix
osteoblasts
cartilage has firm but flexible matrix secreted by cells called ____________
chondrocytes
by what process does cartilage turn into bone?
endochondral ossification
what are the 3 types of cartilage we’re studying
- hyaline
- elastic
- fibrocartilage
what is the most common type of cartilage
hyaline
what does hyaline cartilage consist of? what type of collagen?
- type 2 collagen and proteoglycans
what is the purpose of ________ cartilage at the epiphyseal growth plate?
hyaline
- resists compressive forces at sites of bone articulation
which types of cartilage has a perichondrium membrane? what does not?
hyaline and elastic does, fibrocartilage does NOT
What type of collagen is in elastic cartilage?
type 2
where is elastic cartilage found?
- larynx, ear, epiglottis, and eustachian tubes
this cartilage is flexible and pressure resistant!
What type of collagen is in fibrocartilage?
type 1
*fibrocartilage still has proteoglycans but much less than hyaline cartilage
Where is fibrocartilage found?
- tendons, ligaments, intervertebral discs, some bone articular surfaces, and menisci
What is the perichondrium membrane?
a thin layer of connective tissue that surrounds and supports the cartilage
the perichondrium membrane has 2 layers. the outer fibrous layer has _____________ connective tissue rich in collagen fibers and the inner chondrogenic layer has ____________ connective tissue containing chondroblasts
dense irregular
loose connective tissue
of the perichondrium membrane, the _____________ layer is responsible for providing structural protection from external forces and the _________ layer is responsible for the growth and repair of the cartilage
outer fibrous
inner chondrogenic