Cardiac Other Flashcards
Allium cepa
Interactions: potentiates warfarin and diabetic drugs
Why? ADPS (disulfides) increased the 1/2 life of insulin, increases insulin secretion, and increases liver metabolism of glucose, also has sterols so great for cholesterol control
Contraindications: Goitrogens, bleeding disorders
Allium sativum
May potentiate warfarin
Active ingredient: allin, diallyl disulphide
Capsicum frutescens
Interactions: worsens the ACE-I cough
Contraindications: Pregnancy due to GI upset, stem and leaf are uterine stimulant
Coleus forskohlii
Interactions: may potentiate cardiac glycosides, anticoagulants, diabetic drugs, antihistamines, levothyroxine, may increase bleeds from NSAIDS
May antagonize PPI
Side effect: GI stimulation, nausea
Contraindications: Peptic ulcer, pregnancy, lactation, children
Commiphora mukul
Active ingredient: guggulsterone E and Z
Interactions: may induce CYP450, may decrease bioavailability of Propranolol
Contraindications: IBD
Pharmocology: increases liver binding sites for LDL, inhibits cholesterol synthesis, decreases TG
increases fecal excretion of bile acids and cholesterol, decreases arthritis pain after one month
Convallaria majalis
Glycosides, flavonoids
Interactions: diuretics, corticosteroids, cardiac glycosides, antiarrhythmics, pseudoephedrine, glycyrrhiza
Contraindications: digitalis spp, other cardiac glycosides
Side effects: nausea, vomitting, headache, color perception, death
treat with atropine, monitor K, glucose and insulin
Corydalis
isoquinoline alkaloids
Interactions: none
Contraindications: pregnancy and lactation
Side effects: decreased menses, headaches, fatigue
Crataegus oxyacantha
proanthocyanids: increase coronary blood flow, increases rate and rhythm of heart, similar effect to class 3 antiarrythmics
Interactions; potentiates warfarin, cardiac glycosides, other antiarrythmics, may increase beta blocker side effects
Contraindications: none
Digitalis purpurea
glycosides: improve contraction power
Interactions: diuretics, corticosteroids, glycrrhiza, anti histamines, anti arrythmics, pseudoephedrine, other glycosides
Contraindications: first or second degree heart block, severe carditis, angina, arrhythmia, bradycardia, cardiac hypertrophy, aortic stenosis, kidney failure, hypokalemia, hypercalcemia, pregnancy, lactation
side effects: narrow therapeutic index: GI symptoms, yellow/green halo
Ginkgo biloba
flavone glycosides, bioflavonoids
Interactions: potentiates warfarin
Contraindications: severe bleed, intracranial bleed
Leonurus cardiaca
Cardiac glycosides, alkaloids, oil
Contraindicated in pregnancy
Olea europaea
linoleic acid, lecithin, bitter (leaf)
Contraindications; large gallstones
Leaf is a GI irritant to take with food
Rauwolfia serpentina
indole alkaloids, antihypertensive alkaloids, antiarrhythmic alkaloids
interactions: alcohol, neuroleptics and barbiturates, glycosides (extreme bradycardia), levodopa
Contraindications: depression, parkinson, ulceration, pheochromocytoma, pregnancy and lactation
side effects: nasal congestion, depression, tiredness, ED
Selenicereus grandifloras
pheylethylamine alkaloids, tyramine
similar to digitalis
Interactions: potentiates MAO-I
C/I: pregnancy, lactation, high doses
Side effects: nausea, vomiting, arrhythmia, tachycardia, confusion, headache, GI distress, heart failure
Theobroma cacao
purine alkaloids, tannins, isoquinoline alkaloids, fat
Side effects: constipation (tannin), insomnia, migraines
