adaptogens other

Question 1

Astragalus membranaceus

Answer 1

triterpene glycosides, saponins, sterols, fatty acids, isoflavonoids, amino acids, polysaccharides

interactions: potentiates acyclovir, interferon 1 and 2, may antagonize corticosteroids
ci: autoimmune
se: may increase fibrin formation

Question 2

Echinacea

Answer 2

alkylamides, caffein acid derivatives, polysaccharides, volatile oils

interactions: may antagonize immunosuppressants
ci: asteraceae, TB, MS, AIDS, HIV, auto immune, long term use

Question 3

Ganoderma lucidum

Answer 3

Polysaccharides, beta gluons, ergosterol, triterpenes, oleic acid

interactions: antagonizes immunesuppresants, increased sleeping time induced by sedative medications, caution with anticoagulant and statins
ci: organ transplants and autoimmune disorders
se: dark stool, diarrhea (give vitamin C at the same time)

Question 4

Eleutherococcus senticosus

Answer 4

phenylpropanoid, triterpenoid saponins, glycosides, polysaccharides, coumarins

interactions: may antagonize immune suppression therapy
ci: long term use, acute infections, hypertension (above 180/90mmHg

Question 5

Glycyrrhiza glabra

Answer 5

triterpene glycoside, flavonoids, polysaccharides, volatile oil

interactions: potentiates cardiac glycosides, corticosteroids, diuretics, antiarrhythmics, pseudoephedrine, protects against mucosal damage from aspirin
ci: hypertension, hyperaldosteronism, cirrhosis, hepatitis, CHF, diabetes, pregnancy, long term use
se: may lead to pseudoaldosteronism, reduces thyroid activity

Question 6

Ligustrum lucidum

Answer 6

oleanolic acid, flavonoids

interactions: may antagonize immune suppression therapy

Question 7

Panax ginseng/quinquefolius

Answer 7

saponin glycosides, polysaccharides, volatile oils

interactions: may potentiate caffeine, MAOIs, morphine, insulin and hypoglycemics, immune drugs

may antagonize warfarin, immune suppressants

ci: hypertension, hemorrhage, asthma, anxiety, depression, psoriasis, long term use, high doses, pregnancy
se: nostalgia, post menopausal bleeding, ginseng abuse syndrome: euphoria, diarrhea, nervousness, insomnia, hypertension, skin eruptions

Question 8

Schisandra chinensis

Answer 8

volatile oil, ascorbic acid, lignans, fatty oil

interactions: potentiates barbiturates, decreases acetaminophen, hepatotoxicity, inhibits CYP450, withdrawal from benzo, opiates
ci: epilepsy, severe hypertension, inter cranial pressure

Question 9

Withania somnifera

Answer 9

steroidal lactones, alkaloids, iron

interactions: potentiates barbiturates, epileptics, may antagonize immune suppression therapy
ci: pregnancy