Cardiac Injury / infarct

Question 1

Left & Right BBB

Answer 1

Question 2

STE leads criteria) Lead I-III

Answer 2

≥ 1mm

Question 3

STE leads criteria) Lead aVR, aVL, aVF

Answer 3

≥ 1mm

Question 4

STE leads criteria) Lead V4-6

Answer 4

≥ 1mm

Question 5

STE leads criteria) Lead V4R
Lead V8-9

Answer 5

Lead V4R ≥ 1mm
Lead V8-9 ≥ 0.5mm

Question 6

V8 & V9 STEMI criteria:

Answer 6

0.5mm or greater

Question 7

Wellen’s wave type A:

Answer 7

Biphasic T waves in V2 or V3, min STE <1mm (V2 usually biggest shower
Highly specific for for a critical blockage of the LAD

Question 8

Wellen’s wave type B:

Answer 8

DEEP inverted T waves V2 or V3,

Question 9

De Winter’s T Waves:

Answer 9

V2 V3 most commonly but can happen any lead
ST depression at the J-point & upsloping ST-segments w/ tall, symmetrical T- waves in the precordial leads (LMCA or LAD occlusion)
“Hyper T w/ STD”

Question 10

Spodicks sign:

Answer 10

sloping down P wave into QRS (evidence of pericarditis)

Question 11

3 Is of cardiac) Ischemia:
“Infarct” Injury:
Infarction:

Answer 11

= Ischemia: ST depres/, Hyperacute T waves>5chest avf >10 precordial
= “Infarct” Injury: ST elevation 50%,
= Infarction: old MI; >25% Q or QRS >1SB

Question 12

CAD):
CVD):

Answer 12

= Coronary Artery disease: disease affecting coronary vessels
= Cardiovascular disease: affecting heart, peripheral blood vessels, or both

Question 13

Foramen Ovale:
Pulmonary stenosis:

Answer 13

= hole in the atrial septum that is part of the fetal blood circulation
= pulmonic valve/arteries rigid

Question 14

Lown Grading system:

Answer 14

benign or malignant for PVCs Grade 0-5 worst-dead

Question 15

Lown-Ganong

Answer 15

Bundle of James connects posterior internodal pathway to bundle of his (short PRI)

Question 16

Lown-Ganong) definer:
Pathway name & path:

Answer 16

= has short PRI interval
= Bundle of James connects posterior internodal pathway to bundle of his

Question 17

1st & 2nd most common heart defect:
ASD Atrial Septum Defect:

VSD Ventricle Septum Defect:

Answer 17

= ASD atrial septum defect then VSD ventricle septum defect
= hole in atriums’ septum; when breaths & closes, CAUSES L-R SHUNT, overloads right side decreases BP
= hole in ventricle’s septum L→R shunt, R-side balloons > hypertrophic

Question 18

Most common dysrhythmia

Answer 18

= Atrial Fibulation

Question 19

Oxy freeradicals affect what most:
Definition:

Answer 19

= Neurons & cardio myocytes the most killing them
= apopcytosis cell suicide

Question 20

Pacing is for:

Answer 20

“picking up the pace” too slow

Question 21

R-atrial enlargement:

Upside down P wave cause:

Answer 21

= changes P wave “P Pulmonele” b/c ventricle backing up or vasodialation, L-Pump failure P mitria “P wave double humps”,
= impulse comes from AV or below atrias

Question 22

Fossa Ovalis:
Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO):

Forman Ovale A&P:

Answer 22

= depression in R-Atrium remnant of Foramen Ovale
= ASD; hole in atriums septum that didnt close after out of uterus in fetus
= b/c fetus fluid in lung/heart & closes w/ 1st breath b/c lungs neg/ pressure

Question 23

TCP dose & check:

Answer 23

= ~60-80Ma (80BPM 1st) Mechanical beat w/ every electrical beat & increase by 2Mili-Amps

Question 24

The upward slurring of the isoelectric line after the P wave up into the QRS complex that is associated with Wolff Parkinson White Syndrome (WPW) is known as the:
The accessory pathway associated with Wolff Parkinson White Syndrome (WPW) is known as the:

Answer 24

= Delta wave
= Bundle of Kent

Question 25

What? secreted by the ventricles of the heart in response to excessive stretching of the ventricle myocytes.

Answer 25

Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP)

Question 26

VSD=

Answer 26

Right side balloon out & hypertrophic

Question 27

Isolated Dextrocardia=

Answer 27

(Hearts on right side) Heart is flipped “Right is Left”, so have to mirror leads, AEDs,

Question 28

Abdominal situs Inversus=

Answer 28

Spleen & Liver flipped but H normal

Question 29

Situs Inversus Totali

Answer 29

s= “EVERYTHING WRONG” H right side

Question 30

ASD:

Answer 30

Left to right shunt→ overloads right side decreases BP