Cardiac Emergencies Flashcards
CHF
Congestive Heart Failure, refers to a collection of symptoms that indicate cardiac compromise
Longest Aorta in the body
Descending Aorta
SA Node
Sinus node, sets rate of pulse - 60-100bpm
AV Node
Gate keeper, pauses SA node impulses to allow heart to process last impulse
Purkinje fibers
cells that receive electrical impulses and contract heart
Location of coronary artery
base of aortic valve
What is an AMI
Cell Death (Myocardium necrosis)
Ischemic Heart Injury
Cell injury due to hypoxia
Angina Pectoris
Chest Pain
Collateral circulation
Heart creates backup vessels when artery or vein is blocked
What causes Agina
Heart O2 demands exceed supply
What triggers angina
Exertion
How long does it take Angina to go away
30 minutes or less with rest
What is the treatment for Angina
Nitroglycerin (vasodilator)
Left side heart AMI signs/symptoms
Fatigue, HTN, irregular pulse, Dyspnea in supine position, hemoptysis (spitting blood), Rales
Treatment of AMI
Manage ABC, transport to hospital, best to receive blood clot buster within 1 hour
Right side CHF signs and symptoms
Edema, JVD
Common signs of AMI
Chest pain, shortness of breath, pain in jaw/neck/back/shoulder, left arm pain, fatigue, dizziness
Symptoms of Aneurysm
Headache, bounding pulse, ringings in ears, warm skin, dry or moist, nose bleed, ALOC, pulmonary edema
Treatment of Aneurysm
ABC and Transport
Aortic Aneurysm signs/symptoms
Abrupt, sharp/tearing pain, BP discrepancy between extremities (lower BP on injured side)
Contraindication for Nitroglycerin (53 BASH)
Patient taken in last 5 minutes, 3 doses per episode, Blood pressure less than 100, ALOC, Sexual enhancing drug, head injury
Contraindication for ASA (Aspirin)
Allergies to NSAID, bleeding disorder, GI Bleed, Ulcer, Internal bleeding, liver problem, <16 y/o
Ventricular Tachy
Ventricles contracting too fast for atria
