Carcinogens

Question 1

Aflatoxins (from Aspergillus, which can contaminate stored rice and grains)

Answer 1

Hepatocellular carcinoma

Question 2

Alkylating agents (chemotherapy)

Answer 2

Leukemia/lymphoma

Question 3

Arsenic (cigarette smoke)

Answer 3

Squamous cell carcinoma of skin
Lung cancer
Angiosarcoma of liver

Question 4

Asbestos

Answer 4

Lung carcinoma (esp.)
Mesothelioma

Question 5

Cigarette smoke (esp. polycyclic hydrocarbons)

Answer 5

Oropharynx,
Esophageal,
Lung,
Kidney,
Bladder,
and Pancreatic carcinomas

Question 6

Nitrosamines (preservative in smoked foods)

Answer 6

Gastric carcinoma (intestinal type)

Question 7

Naphthylamine (cigarette smoke)

Answer 7

Urothelial carcinoma of bladder

Question 8

Vinyl Chloride (occupational exposure to PVC pipe manufacturing)

Answer 8

Angiosarcoma of liver

Question 9

Nickel, Chromium, Beryllium, or Silica (occupational exposure)

Answer 9

Lung carcinoma

Question 10

Epstein-Barr Virus

Answer 10

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (esp. Chinese males)
Burkitt Lymphoma
CNS Lymphoma
AIDS

Question 11

Human Herpesvirus 8

Answer 11

Kaposi Sarcoma

• Eastern European males
• AIDS patients
• Transplant patients

Question 12

Hepatitis B or C Virus

Answer 12

Hepatocellular carcinoma

Question 13

Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus 1

Answer 13

Adult T-cell Leukemia/Lymphoma

Question 14

High-risk Human Papillomaviruses (subtypes 16, 18, 31, 33)

Answer 14

Squamous cell carcinoma of vulva, vagina, anus, and cervix

Adenocarcinoma of cervix

Question 15

Ionizing Radiation (nuclear reactor accidents or radiotherapy generating hydroxyl free radicals)

Answer 15

AML
CML
Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid

Question 16

Nonionizing Radiation (esp. UVB sunlight)

Answer 16

Basal cell carcinoma of skin
Squamous cell carcinoma of skin
Melanoma of skin