Carbon Lattices & Nanomaterials_Key Questions

Question 1

What are the different forms of Carbon that can be found in the Earth’s Crust?

Answer 1

Diamond, Graphite or Amorphous (Charcoal)

Question 2

What is the Structure of Diamonds?

Answer 2

Covalent Network Lattice.

Question 3

What are the Properties of Diamonds?

Answer 3

Very Hard, Brittle, Non-Conductive.

Question 4

Why is a Diamond Hard or Soft?

Answer 4

Diamond is hard because it has strong covalent bonds throughout the lattice, with all atoms being held in fixed positions

Question 5

Can a Diamond Conduct Electricity? Explain.

Answer 5

Diamond is a non-conductor of electricity because all of its electrons are localised in covalent bonds and are not free to move

Question 6

What are some Uses of Diamonds?

Answer 6

Jewellery, Cutting Tools, Drills

Question 7

What is the Structure of Graphite?

Answer 7

Covalent Layer Lattice.

Question 8

Why is a Graphite Hard or Soft?

Answer 8

Slide over each other easily.Graphite is soft because there are weak dispersion forces between the layers in graphite, so layers can be made to

Question 9

Can a Graphite Conduct Electricity? Explain

Answer 9

Graphite is able to conduct electricity because it has delocalised electrons between its layers of carbon atoms.

Question 10

What are the Properties of Graphite?

Answer 10

Conductive, Slippery, Soft and Greasy.

Question 11

What are some Uses of Graphite?

Answer 11

Lubricant, Pencils, Electrodes, Reinforcing Fibres

Question 12

What is the Structure of Amorphous Carbon?

Answer 12

Irregular Structure of Carbon Atoms. Many Varieties exist.

Question 13

What are the Properties of Amorphous Carbon?

Answer 13

Conductive, Non-crystalline, Cheap.

Question 14

What are some Uses of Amorphous Carbon?

Answer 14

Printing ink, Carbon black filler, Photocopying, Activated Charcoal.

Question 15

How are Amorphous Carbon Producs Formed?

Answer 15

From the Combustion of plant & animal matter in a limited supply of air.

Question 16

Why do Diamond & Graphite only sublime at temperatures over 3500 degrees?

Answer 16

material to sublime.Diamond and graphite contain extended networks of strong covalent bonds, which must be overcome to allow the

Question 17

Why are fullerenes of interest to scientists?

Answer 17

Enhance properties that their high surface area to volume ratio offers. High Electrical and heat conductivity as well.

Question 18

What are Spherical fullerenes?

Answer 18

Known as Buckballs

Question 19

How to fullerenes differ from Graphite?

Answer 19

Fullerenes differ from graphite in that they are nanomaterials, which give them different physical properties.

Question 20

Describe the Bonding within a Buckyball?

Answer 20

Each carbon atom in a buckyball is covalently bonded to 3 other carbon atoms. Each carbon atom has one free electron, which is shared between the other carbon atoms in the sphere. The structure consists of hexagonal and pentagonal rings of atoms.

Question 21

Describe the Bonding within a Graphene Sheet?

Answer 21

Each carbon atom in a graphene sheet is covalently bonded to 3 other carbon atoms. Each carbon atom has one free electron that is shared with the other carbon atoms in the sheet. The structure consists of hexagonal rings of atoms. The sheet is one atom thick but may be of any length and width.

Question 22

Why are carbon nanotubes being considered for use in cables?

Answer 22

Carbon nanotubes are immensely strong for their mass. They can theoretically be produced with any length, allowing for very long cables to be produced