Carbon Cycle EQ3 Flashcards
Where will the larger temperature increase be
In the poles
What will polar warming impact
Arctic ponds disappearing
Precipitation levels have changed across region
Permafrost loss leading to release of carbon and river changes
Could be ice free by 2040
Impacts of polar warming
Damage to building foundations due to loss of permafrost
Stress on wildlife
Stress on food sources
Relocation of communities due to extreme weather increase
Impacts on water security
Increase flood risk
What is the importance of coral reefs
Natural coastal defence especially for lic who cannot afford hard engineering
Vital part of fishing industry
Over 100 countries being it from tourism due to coastal and marine environment
How is climate change effecting coral reefs
Increase storm activity killing more coral
Ocean acidification killing coral making them less efficient
In Fiji cases of food poisoning due to warmer sea temperatures bring toxic algae contamination fish
What are the 6 IPCC tipping points
Thermohaline collapse
Dieback of tropical rainforest Brazil
Dieback of boreal forests
Loss of Arctic’s sea ice and albedo feedback
Long term and more severe drought
Collapse of vital weather phenomena like monsoons and ENSO
What are 5 adaption strategies to climate change
Water conservation-governments policy. China reduces 11% in one year after conservation on the Mekong river basin
Resilient agriculture- china is looking to grow Maize in Tibet due to warm conditions
Land use planing -zoning is vital dir to more hazards - TNC and government policy. More resilient buildings
Flood risk management- new designs for flood area raised floor and stronger water resistant foundations -Australia
Mitigation strategies
Carbon taxation -targeted taxes to reduce activity’s - uk taxes on carbon released by cars
Renewables- Norway use 90% HEP uk and Germany wind . LICS funded by COP agreements
Energy efficiency -technology is helping to reduce carbon output without changes to life . UK grading system on fridges
Afforestation- more forests mean and increase in carbon sinks. Schemes like REDD pay farmers to keep natural forest
Human impacts on carbon and waters cycle
Demand for agriculture
Urban space
Mining
Logging
Industrialisation
All men’s forests are under more stress than ever
What does the kuznets model show
Protective environment comes with economic development less demand for agriculture and changing social attitudes
Others argue that HICs simply pass the responsibility to another foundry china and India
What is the global footprint network effected by
Population size
Affluence
Consumer behaviour
Technologies
Impactas to forests and water
Degraded soils
Ocean acidification
Climate change
4 differences in economic activity
Health
Life expectancy
Levels of education
Inequality’s in pay levels across economic sectores and in different types of employment are reflected in quality of life indicies
How does function change over time
Administrative- Alticham no longer had town hall
Commercial - market was failing
Retail - impacted by Trafford center
Industrial- Manchester lost function due to global shift
How does demographic change overtime
Gentrification
Age structure
Ethnic composition
What are reasons for change in a place
Physical factores
Accessibility
Connectivity
Historical development
Role of local and national planning
How can a changed in place be measured
Employment
Levels of deprivation
Demographic changes
Land use changes
How is deprivation measured
Income deprivation
Health deprivation
Quality of living environment
Employment deprivation
Crime
Abandoned and derelict land
Regional and national influence have shaped the characteristics of your chosen place
Altrincham
Regional market town
Regional commuter town
National movement of BBC
National northern powerhouse
Rusholme
National migration policy
National policy on university
Regional movement of labour
National global shift
How for the changes influence identity
Migration influences identity
Consider what makes up identity
What effects perception of place
Wealth
Age
Gender
Ethnicity
Sexuality
Each of these effect how you feel about a specific place
What for successful regions have
High rates of employment
Inward migration
And low levels of multiple deprivation
