Carbohydrates Flashcards
1
Q
What are enantiomers?
A
sugars that are mirror images of each other
2
Q
What are epimers?
A
sugars that differ only in the chirality of one C atom
3
Q
What are diastereomers?
A
sugars that are not mirror images of each other and differ in chirality of many C atoms
4
Q
How do you tell how many stereoisomers a sugar will have? D? L?
A
A sugar with n chiral centres has 2n stereoisomers
- half these stereoisomers are D and half are L
5
Q
How is a hemiacetal produced?
A
aldehyde plus alcohol
6
Q
How is a hemiketal produced?
A
ketone plus alcohol
7
Q
What is the process of mutarotation?
A
The equilibrium mixture of all the alpha, beta, and linear forms of a sugar dissolved in water
