Carbohydrates Flashcards
What are monomers?
Individual molecules from which polymers are made
What are polymers?
Chains of repeating monomer units
What are monosaccharides?
Monomers which have a sweet taste and are soluble substances eg glucose
What are disaccharides?
Polymers or two monosaccharides joined eg glucose + glucose= maltose
What are polysaccharides?
Many monosaccharides joined together in a condensation reaction which are good for storage eg starch
How are monosaccharides joined?
Condensation reaction
What bond forms between monosaccharides?
Glycocydic bond
How can disaccharides and polysaccharides break to form monosaccharides?
Hydrolysis reaction
What is removed in a condensation reaction?
Water
What is added when glycosidic bonds are broken?
Water
What monosaccharides is maltose made of?
Glucose and glucose
What monosaccharides are sucrose made of?
Glucose and fructose
What monosaccharides are lactose made of?
Glucose and galactose
What are reducing sugars?
All monosaccharides and some disaccharides
What do reducing sugars do?
Can donate electrons to other chemicals