Carbohydrates Flashcards
What is a monosaccharide?
Single sugar unit
Give three examples of monosaccharides
Glucose, fructose and galactose
What is a disaccharide?
Two monosaccharides joined by a glycosidic link, due to a condensation reaction.
Give three examples of disaccharides
Sucrose Lactose Maltose
What is a polysaccharide?
Many monosaccharides joined by glycosidic links due to many condensation reactions
Give two examples of polysaccharides
Glycogen and starch
What is amylose?
An unbranched polymer, it only has 1’ to 4’ glycosidic links
What is amylopectin?
Branched polymer, has both 1’ to 4’ and 1’ to 6’ glycosidic links
Which monosaccharides form Sucrose?
Glucose and fructose
Which monosaccharides form lactose?
Glucose and galactose
Which monosaccharides form maltose?
Glucose and glucose
What is the structure of starch?
Both amylopectin and amylose
What is the structure of glycogen?
Similar to amylopectin
What is the basic structure of a carbohydrate?
Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
