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Nutrition > Carbohydrates > Flashcards

Carbohydrates Flashcards

1
Q

Simple Carbohydrates

A

Monosaccharides and disaccharides

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2
Q

Monosaccharides

A

Glucose, fructose, galactose

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3
Q

Disaccharides

A

Maltose, Sucrose, Lactose

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4
Q

Complex Sugars

A

Starch, glycogen, fiber

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5
Q

Triose

A

3 carbon

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6
Q

Tetrose

A

4 carbon

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7
Q

Pentose

A

5 carbon

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8
Q

Hexose

A

6 carbon

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9
Q

Aldose

A

Aldehyde group

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10
Q

Ketose

A

Ketone group

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11
Q

Isomer

A

Compounds that have the same chemical formula but have different structures

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12
Q

Epimer

A

Isomers that differ in configuration around only one
specific carbon atom (except for the carbonyl carbon)

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13
Q

Enantiomers

A

Mirror images (D is functional group to the right with L being left)

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14
Q

Anomeric carbon

A

Carbon below the oxygen (1 glucose/galactose, 2 fructose)

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15
Q

Alpha Configuration

A

OH on anomeric carbon facing down.

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16
Q

Beta Configuration

A

OH on anomeric carbon facing up.

17
Q

Reducing sugar

A

OH on anomeric carbon not bonded. (Free as OH)

18
Q

Nonreducing sugar

A

OH on anomeric carbon connecting bond to other sugar

19
Q

Glycosidic bond

A

Between sugars formed by glycosyltransferases

20
Q

Maltose

A

2 glucose (1-4 alpha bond)

21
Q

Sucrose

A

Glucose and fructose (1-4 alpha bond)

22
Q

Lactose

A

Galactose and glucose (1-4 beta bond)

23
Q

Starch

A

Chain of glucose

24
Q

Glycogen

A

Branched chains

25
Q

Cellulose

A

Closely compact and stacked glucose.Rigid

Nutrition (10 decks)

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