Carbohydrates

Question 1

Monosaccharides joining

Answer 1

Monosaccharides join through a condensation reaction to form a glycosidic link between hydroxyl groups

Question 2

Monosaccharides

Answer 2

Glucose
Fructose
Galactose
(all have alpha and beta form)

Question 3

Disaccharides joining

Answer 3

When 2 monosaccharides join through a condensation reaction to form a glycosidic link

Question 4

Disaccharides

Answer 4

Maltose (alpha glucose, glycosidic link, alpha glucose)
Sucrose (alpha glucose, glycosidic link, beta fructose)
Lactose (beta galactose, glycosidic link, alpha glucose)

Question 5

Polysaccharides joining

Answer 5

Lots of monosaccharides join through condensation reactions to form glycosidic links

Question 5

Cellulose

Answer 5

Beta glucose monomers
Straight chain but alternating monomers (every second monomer is upside down)
Used by plants for structure
Glycosidic link is carbon 1 to 4

Question 5

Polysaccharides

Answer 5

Cellulose
Starch - amylose
Starch - amylopectin
Glycogen

Question 6

Starch - amylose

Answer 6

Alpha glucose monomers
Straight chain (unbranched)
Stored by plants for energy
Glycosidic link is carbon 1 to 4

Question 7

Starch - amylopectin

Answer 7

Alpha glucose monomers
Branched chain
Stored by plants for energy
Glycosidic link from carbon 1 to 4 and glycosidic link from carbon 1 to 6

Question 8

Glycogen

Answer 8

Alpha glucose monomers
Branched chain (much more branched than amylopectin)
Stored by animals for energy
Glycosidic link is carbon 1 to carbon 6 and carbon 1 to carbon 4.