Carbohydrate

Question 1

What are the 2 types of carbohydrate that supply energy to the body?

Answer 1

Starch and sugar

Question 2

How much energy does 1g of pure starch or sugar provide the body with?

Answer 2

3.75 kcal

Question 3

What does NSP stand for?

Answer 3

Non starch polysaccharide

Question 4

What is NSP?

Answer 4

Fibre

Question 5

What is NSP a type of?

Answer 5

Carbohydrate but it doesn’t supply ENERGY

Question 6

What is starch formed from?

Answer 6

From thousands of glucose units joined together and so when starch is digested the big molecule is gradually broken down into smaller pieces and as this happens energy is released

Question 7

What section of the eat well plate are starchy foods found?

Answer 7

Bread, rice, potatoes and pasta

Question 8

What are sources of starch?

Answer 8

Potatoes 
Bread
Rice 
Quinoa 
Pasta 
Cereal
Fruit/veg
Cous-cous

Question 9

What is sugar?

Answer 9

A very small molecule which is digested very quickly - this is why it provides a fairly immediate supply of energy

Question 10

Sources of sugary foods?

Answer 10

Fruit juices 
Confectionary 
Cakes and buns 
Biscuits 
Jelly 
Table sugar 
Ice cream 
Sugar in dairy products

Question 11

What is NSP another type of?

Answer 11

Polysaccharide

Question 12

How much are adults advised to have an intake of per day?

Answer 12

18g

Question 13

What are the 2 main types on NSP?

Answer 13

Insoluble and soluble NSP

Question 14

What foods are high in insoluble NSP?

Answer 14

Whole grain products
Fruit skins 
Oats 
Nuts 
Pulses 
Beans 
Fruit and veg

Question 15

What are the functions of insoluble NSP?

Answer 15

It acts like a spine and absorbs water as it moves through the digestive system.
This adds bulk to the faeces making it soft and easily removed from the body, therefore reducing the risk of constipation and gut diseases eg diverticulitis and bowel cancer

Question 16

What is constipation?

Answer 16

When the faeces become hard and move through the intestine slowly

Question 17

What is diverticulitis disease?

Answer 17

Small pockets which develop in the lining of the intestine which become inflamed or infected

Question 18

Soluble NSP…..

Answer 18

Dissolves in water

Question 19

What are the sources of soluble NSP?

Answer 19

Oats
Pulses
Fruit
Lentils

Question 20

What is the function of soluble NSP?

Answer 20

Helps to reduce blood cholesterol and therefore the risk of CHD

Question 21

Eating too many sugary and starchy carbohydrates may increase your risk of developing….

Answer 21

Obesity

Question 22

Why does an excess of sugar and starchy carbohydrate cause obesity?

Answer 22

Excess calories turn into fat which is stored in the body as fat

Question 23

What health problems does obesity cause in later life?

Answer 23

Type 2 diabetes
CHD
Some cancers
Hypertension

Question 24

Where should we get most of our energy from?

Answer 24

Starchy carbohydrates because they provide you with a range of other nutrients and a steady release of energy which last longer whereas sugar only provides a quick release of energy

Question 25

Too many foods contains sugar cause…

Answer 25

The risk of developing tooth decay

Question 26

Why does this cause tooth decay?

Answer 26

Bacteria in the mouth feed on the sugar in the food we eat and produces an acid

Question 27

The stocky mixture of food, bacteria and acid is called..

Answer 27

Plaque

Question 28

The acid…

Answer 28

Erodes the tooth enamel eventually causing tooth decay

Question 29

What is the word equation for tooth decay?

Answer 29

Sugar + bacteria –> acid(erosion of enamel)

Question 30

How can parents reduce the risk of their children developing tooth decay?

Answer 30

• Encourage good dental hygiene
• Visit the dentist every 6 months
• Avoid sweets, treats only
• Replace fizzy drinks with water

Question 31

What are the effects of a deficiency of carbohydrate?

Answer 31

Lack of energy, lethargy and weight loss