Carb, water, fibre in adulthood (minus the micronutrients)

Question 1

describe the effect of too much linoleic acid compared to a-linolenic acid

Answer 1

bc these two acids compete for the same desaturate enzymes, if too much n-6, there is a greater production of arachidonic acid compared to DHA, resulting in pro-inflammatory effects, as opposed to anti-inflammatory effects of DHA and EPA

Question 2

too much n-6 prevents the conversion of n-3 to?

Answer 2

DHA

Question 3

linolenic goes to _____, lanolin acid goes to _______?

Answer 3

n-3–> DHA and EPA

n-6 –> arachidonic acid

Question 4

AI for n-6

Answer 4

men= 17 g/day after 50= 14
women = 12 g/d after 50= 11g/d
based on the higher median intake sin the US with lack of deficiency
- n-6 is readily used for energy
- AI is higher in men and lower in ppl above 50 ( energy needs)

Question 5

AI for n-3

Answer 5

1.6 g/day men and 1.1 g / day women

Question 6

AL for water

Answer 6

to prevent deleterious, effects of dehydration, 3.7 L males and 2.7 L femeales

Question 7

fiber AI men

Answer 7

38 g/ d men , after 50 = 30 g/d

Question 8

fiber AI women

Answer 8

25 g/d and after 50= 21 g/d

Question 9

RDA and EAR for carbohydrates men and women, what’s it based on?

Answer 9

EAR = 100 g/d
RDA= 130 g/d,
-based on the amount that would provide the Bain with adequate supply of glucose without additional glucose production from protein or TG and without ketones greater than absorbed after overnight fast ( this assumes that the individual is consuming an energy sufficient diet with AMDR 45-65% carbs and glucose is not limiting to the brain)

Question 10

overnight fast produced what glucose amount?

Answer 10

2.8 - 3.6 g/kg/d, about 210 to 260 in a 70 kg man which is about 50% from glycogenolysis and 50% from gluconeogeneis

Question 11

min CHO requirement by the brains req

Answer 11

110-140 g/d

Question 12

in individual fully adapted to starvation

Answer 12

80% from ketonacid and only about 22 - 28 g/d of glucose required