CAR T cell Therapy

Question 1

FDA-approved cancer immunotherapies

Answer 1

1. High-dose IL-2 Therapy
2. Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor (ICI)
3. CAR T Cell Therapy
4. Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocyte (TIL) Therapy
5. TCR T Cell Therapy

Question 2

High-dose IL-2

Answer 2

IL-2, a cytokine that can cause proliferation of T cells

Question 3

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

Answer 3

• Block inhibitor of T cell

Question 4

CAR T Cell Therapy

Answer 4

Reprogram T cells to kill Cancer Cells
Ex: Anti CD-19, Anti BCMA

Question 5

Challenges to overcome for CAR T therapy

Answer 5

• Adverse events
• High cost
• Solid tumor

Question 6

scFv

Answer 6

a single-chain fragment variable from an antibody this at added to the CAR vector

Question 7

A Good Target for Prostate Cancer CAR T Cell Therapy

Answer 7

1. A cell surface antigen
2. Selectively expressed in prostate cancer
3. Can not be expressed in vital organs

Question 8

PSMA

Answer 8

• A type II transmembrane protein on the cell surface of prostate cancer cells.
• 95% of prostate cancers are PSMA-positive.
• Highly overexpressed in prostate cancer

Question 9

PSMA treatment for prostate cancer

Answer 9

• Multiple high-affinity mouse monoclonal antibodies against the human PSMA extracellular domain.
• Our PSMA-CAR T cell therapy showed potent anti-prostate cancer activity both in vitro and in mice.

Question 10

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

Answer 10

• A severe autoimmune disease
• Affect multiple organs: kidney, heart, lung, and skin.
• Requires lifelong immunosuppression.
• Autoantibodies against nuclear antigens: dsDNA and nuclear antigens.
• Dependent on autoantibodies and B cells.

Question 11

Rituximab (RTX):

Answer 11

• B-cell depletion
• Human-murine chimeric IgG1 targeting CD20
  -Failed in two large clinical trials for lupus