Caprine Flashcards
Which bacteria commonly causes impetigo?
Staph aureus and less commonly Staph hyicus or chromogenes
Which dermatophyte is the most common cause of dermatophytosis?
T. verrucosum (less frequently T. mentagrophytes, M. canis and M. gypseum)
Which Malassezia spp. are associated with skin disease?
Pachydermatis and slooffiae
Which mite infestation is commonly seen in winter and primarily affects the feet and hind legs?
Chorioptic mange: C. bovis (C. caprae)
Which mites cause psoroptic mange and what are the distribution of lesions?
Psoroptes cuniculi is found in the ear canal
P. bovis (P. caprae) causes otitis externa and affects the pinnae, head, face pasterns and interdigital skin
What are the clinical signs of demodicosis (Demodex caprae)?
Firm, deep-seated papules and nodules with initially normal overlying skin and hair followed by secondary furunculosis and bacterial infection.
How do you diagnose demodicosis?
Incise papules/nodules, evacuate the white-yellow material and examine microscopically
Name the sucking louse found in goats
Linognathus stenopsis
What disease does Przhevalskiana silenus cause?
Warbles - subcutaneous nodules on the dorsum with a central pore containing third stage larvae
Parelaphostrongylus tenius causes linear excoriations over the shoulders/flanks and affects which other body system?
Nervous - causes neurological disease and linear skin trauma though associated with larval migration irritating dorsal nerve roots
Name another type of mite that affects the ears apart from Psoroptes
Raillietia caprae
What is a ked?
Melophagus ovinus - a 4-7mm wingless fly that sucks blood
What does parapoxvirus ovis cause?
Orf (contagious viral pustular dermatitis) - papules, vesicles and pustules on the lips, muzzle, nostrils, eyelids and pinnae.
Can parapoxvirus ovis affect the oral mucosa?
Yes - red-gray-yellow plaques and papules
Which breed of goat can be severely affected by parapoxvirus ovis and have systemic signs?
Boer and their crosses
Bluetongue is caused by which virus?
Orbivirus - spread by Culicoides spp.
Foot and mouth disease is caused by which virus?
Aphthovirus
At which anatomical site do skin lesions typically begin with pemphigus foliaceus?
Ventrum, perineum and legs.
Which of these has been reported in goats? Alopecia areata Flea-bite hypersensitivity Insect-bite hypersensitivity TEN
All of them
Epitheliogenesis imperfecta, an autosomal recessive trait with primary failure of embryonic epidermal differentiation, is also known as what?
Aplasia cutis
Has ichthyosis been reported in goats?
Yes, very rarely.
Congenital goitre and hypothyroidism is associated with a maternal lack of which dietary mineral?
Iodine
In mild cases, frostbite can cause erythema, scaling, oedema and alopecia; in severe cases it can cause which signs?
Necrosis, dry gangrene and sloughing.
How does moisture predispose to irritant contact dermatitis?
It decreases the skin barrier function and increases contact between the irritant and skin.
Which is more common, hepatogenous forms of photosensitisation or plant ingestion in goats?
Plant ingestion
How common is ergotism in goats and what causes it?
Rare - caused by eating grasses contaminated with the fungus Claviceps pupurea
Knapweed causes an eosinophilic pyogranuloma with embedded plant material at which body site?
The nostrils
Periocular alopecia, generalised scaling, greasy crusts and a dry to waxy coat are seen with which nutritional skin disease?
Vitamin E and selenium responsive dermatosis
The face, pinnae, mucocutaneous junctions, pressure points and distal limbs are often affected with which nutritional skin disease?
Zinc responsive dermatosis
Which nutritional deficiency causes a faded hair coat?
Vitamin A
Psoriasiform dermatitis has been most commonly described in which breeds of goat?
Pygmy and Alpine
Is psoriasiform dermatitis pruritic?
No
Which form of papillomatosis in goats can spontaneously regress?
The lesions on the face, pinnae, neck and forelimbs.
Where can you find ectopic mammary gland tissue?
In the vulval lips
Describe the main skin lesions in goats with vitamin E and selenium-responsive dermatosis.
Periocular alopecia and generalised scaling
Multifocal greasy crusts
Dull, brittle, dry to waxy, easy to epilate hair coat
Patchy hypotrichosis
No pruritus or systemic signs
Which breeds of goat are at an increased risk of SCC?
Boer and Angora
Which species of Bovicola lice can be found on goats?
- Bovicola caprae
- Bovicola crassipes = UK
- Bovicola limbatus = UK - Angora goats
Staph. infection in goats is commonly associated with which diseases?
- Dermatophilosis
- Dermatophytosis
- Ectoparasites
- Nutritional disorders such as zinc-responsive disorder
- Severe parapoxvirus infection (orf)
Has thymoma associated exfoliative dermatitis been reported in a goat?
Yes - scaling-to-ulcerative lesions affecting the dorsum, ventrum, pinna, neck, teats, coronary bands, and dewclaws. Hyperkeratotic cell-rich interface dermatitis with transepidermal and follicular apoptosis seen.
What are the typical body sites affected with sarcoptic mange?
Sarcoptic mange - Legs, face, and ears
What are the typical body sites affected with demodectic mange?
Demodectic mange - Head, neck and trunk
What are the typical body sites affected with chorioptic mange?
Chorioptic mange - Lower hindlegs and ventrum
What are the typical body sites affected with psoroptic mange?
Psoroptic mange - Ears (may extend to neck or body)
What are the typical body sites affected with pediculosis?
Pediculosis - Head, neck and dorsum
What are the clinical signs of caprine nodular thelitis?
circular, nodular and/or ulcerated crusted lesions associated with supramammary lymph node enlargement
What is the suggested causative agent of caprine nodular thelitis?
Mycobacterium uberis
White et al. (2021); 26% of goats with skin disease presented with exfoliation, what was the most common cause?
Pyoderma
White et al. (2021); what were the most common causes of skin disease in goats?
Pediculosis, bacterial skin disease and squamous cell carcinoma.
Why are kids susceptible to orf infection from their mothers (contagious pustular dermatitis, poxvirus)?
Because colostrum does not contain protective antibodies.
At which body sites are the cutaneous signs of Condiobolus spp. infection seen in goats?
Limbs and ears
What are the cutaneous signs of aspergillosis in goats?
Cutaneous nodules, 0.3–3 cm diameter, occasionally ulcerated, may be observed in the dorsal nasal region and ears. Areas of depigmentation, like those observed in nasal aspergillosis in dogs, may be observed in the affected nostrils.
Orf (Parapoxvirus ovis) primarily affects what age of goat?
3‐ to 6‐month‐old kids
What are differentials for Orf (Parapoxvirus ovis) in goats?
Dermatophilosis, staphylococcal folliculitis, Capripoxvirus infection, and zinc‐responsive dermatitis
What are the clinical signs of capripoxvirus infection?
Erythematous papules, pustules, and crusts appear on the lip and nostrils, and in the mouth. Oral cavity lesions rapidly become ulcerated.
- can see lesions localised to the udder, teats, scrotum, prepuce, perineum, and ventral tail
